[01] Metra kata ths akribeias

Metajy twn metrwn poy anefere o ypoyrgos perilambanetai h dhmosiopoihsh ``mayrhs listas'' epixeirhsewn se periptwseis poy diapistwnetai yperbolh stis ayjhseis proiontwn kai yphresiwn, h systash Eniaioy Forea Elegktikoy Ergoy apo thn enopoihsh twn dieyqynsewn toy ypoyrgeioy Anaptyjhs ston tomea Emporioy, enisxysh toy roloy ths Epitrophs Antagwnismoy kai thn leitoyrgia parathrhthrioy timwn gia 50 proionta kai yphresies (mellontika), kaqierwsh proteinomenhs ``kalhs'' timhs proiontwn (endeiktikh) ypaiqria enhmerwsh twn katanalwtwn enw aysthropoieitai to nomoqetiko plaisio se oti afora stis kyrwseis kai enisxyetai o elegktikos mhxanismos.

O ypoyrgos, apantwntas se erwthseis dhmosiografwn sxetika me thn ayjhsh twn yphresiwn toy Dhmosioy tonise oti kamia anatimhsh den qa ginei apo ton Dhmosio tomea poy na mh dikaiologeitai apo ta kostologika stoixeia.

O ypoyrgos alla kai o yfypoyrgos k. G. Blaxos shmeiwsan stis dhlwseis toys oti ta metra mporei na ayjhqoyn, na beltiwqoyn, na dexqoyn symplhrwseis h akoma kai na aposyrqoyn ean diapistwqei oti den apodidoyn ta anamenomena. ``H asydosia qa kopei feta feta mexri na ejafanistei apo thn agora'' eipe o ypoyrgos.

O k. Fwlias shmeiwse oti oi elegktikes arxes qa enisxyqoyn enw sxoliazontas to metro ths epanaforas ths epikollhshs timhs se kaqe proion mporei na ayjanei to kostos twn lianemporikwn epixeirhsewn ``alla h ayjhsh toy kostoys kai twn ergatowrwn den einai h proteariothta mas alla h ejaleich ths yparjhs gkrizwn zwnwn sthn agora kai allwste kai to kinino einai pikro alla qerapeyei'' eipe o ypoyrgos.

Analytika ta metra einai ta ejhs:

Stis eisagwges proiontwn problepontai:

- Aysthropoihsh kyrwsewn gia paranomes ellhnopoihseis agaqwn.

- Dieykolynsh eisagwgwn proiontwn poy briskontai proswrina se aneparkeia.

- Ryqmish gia th syskeyasia eisagomenwn opwrokhpeytikwn proiontwn

- Diastayrwsh stoixeiwn apo trites xwres.

Ston tomea ths agrotikhs paragwghs kaqierwnetai h digrammh epitagh gia kaqe synallagh anw twn 1000 eyrw metajy paragwgoy- xondremporoy opwrokhpetikwn kai kreatwn,

Se oti afora th biomhxanikh epejergasia kai th metapoihsh problepetai:

- Ypoxrewtikh aitiologhsh anatimhsewn kai dhmosiopoihsh twn periptwsewn opoy diapistwnetai yperbolh.

- Diarkhs kostologikos elegxos.

- Sygkritikh parabolh kostologikwn stoixeiwn me thn antistoixh analysh kostologioy apo tis yphresies toy YPAN.

Sth diakinhsh ta metra poy anakoinwqhkan aforoyn:

- Sthn kaqierwsh ypoxrewtikhs anagrafhs xwras kai xronoy paragwghs kai eisagwghs.

- Sthn ypoxrewtikh diakinhsh agrotikwn proiontwn apo xondremporoys pros lianopwlhtes mono se kentrikes agores h pistopoihmenoys epaggelmatikoys xwroys.

- Sthn epanejetash olwn twn adeiwn twn emporwn twn kentrikwn agorwn.

- Ston elegxo kostologioy syskeyasias se kentrikes agores.

- Ston elegxo fqorwn agrotikwn proiontwn kai ypoxrewtikh dhlwsh proiontwn pros zwotrofh.

- Sthn aysthropoihsh toy kaqestwtos xorhghshs adeiwn laikwn agorwn.

- Ston elegxo posothtwn laikwn agorwn.

Katanalwsh

- Ypoxrewtikh epikollhsh timhs se kaqe proion.

- Ypoxrewtikh anagrafh monadiaias timhs sto rafi gia ta yposyskeyasmena proionta.

- Aysthropoihsh dioikhtikwn kyrwsewn se periptwsh diaforetikhs xrewshs apo to rafi sto tameio (problepetai mexri kai kleisimo epixeirhshs).

- Parabolh timwn gia epixeirhseis melh dieqnwn omilwn.

- Ypoxrewtikh anagrafh epi toy timologioy oiasdhpote ekptwshs.

- Ypoxrewtikh anarthsh timokatalogoy xondrikhs pwlhshs stis kentrikes agores.

- Eksygxronismos nomoqetikoy plaisioy leitoyrgias soyper market (systhnetai epitroph me oloys toys emplekomenoys prokeimenoy na anamorfwqei to plaisio).

- Ypoxrewtikh anagrafh arxikhs timhs pwlhshs se katasthmata stok kai aoytlet.

- Qesmoqethsh epibrabeyshs epixeirhsewn ``filikwn pros ton katanalwth''.

Enhmerwsh telikoy katanalwth

- Leitoyrgia parathrhthrioy timwn.

- Leitoyrgia parathrhthrioy timwn kaysimwn se synarthsh me tis antistoixes dieqneis times.

- Kaqhmerinh ekdosh eidikoy deltioy timwn gia to kalaqi me ta proionta ychloterhs zhthshs.

- Kaqhmerinh anarthsh hlektronikoy deltioy timwn.

- Kaqierwsh proteinomenhs ``kalhs'' timhs.

- Ypaiqria enhmerwsh timwn.

- Enisxysh kai isxyropoihsh toy katanalwtikoy kinhmatos me thn epiqymia ths politikhs hgesias toy ypoyrgeioy, opws eipe o k. Fwlias, na dhmioyrghqei synomospondia katanalwtwn.

Ypoyrgeio Anaptyjhs - Diypoyrgikes synergasies - synergasia nomarxiakwn aytodioikhsewn.

- Systash eniaioy forea elegktikoy ergoy.

- Prwtoboylia se epipedo eyrwpaikhs enwshs prokeimenoy na diereynhqei h dynatothta energopoihshs - apo mia timh orofhs kai anw sthn timh toy barelioy petrelaioy - mhxanismoy diorqwshs pros, ofelos toy telikoy katanalwth.

- Anamorfwsh toy yfistamenoy poinologioy sthn kateyqynsh toy aysthroteroy epitreptoy.

- Entatikopoihsh elegxwn meiktwn klimakiwn gia thn patajh toy paraemporioy.

- Entatikopoihsh systhnatikwn elegwn stis kentrikes agores.

- Dhmioyrgia mhtrwoy syskeyasthriwn.

- Energopoihsh toy nomoy gia tis kaqysterhseis plhrwmwn.

- Qespish mhtrwoy diakinhtwn opwrokhpteytikwn kai froytwn gia paragwgoys kai emporoys.

- Se synergasia me to ypoyrgeioy Paideias anaptyjh programmatos agwghs toy katanalwth sthn Prwtobaqmia kai Deyterobaqmia Ekpaideysh.

Anejarthth Arxh

- Anabaqmish ths Epitrophs Antagwnismoy kai apofasistikh enisxysh toy stelexiakoy dynamikoy ths.

[02] Texnologiko Parko Layrioy

Mono poy gia toys metallwryxoys kai toys epejergastes toy proiontos, to Layrio den htan aplws topos ejantlhshs toy ergasiakoy oktawroy. Htan estia, oikogeneia, zwh.

Ekei, pros ta telh toy 19oy aiwna, to Layrio apotelei ton prwto ergatiko oikismo, poy ``sthnetai'' kata ta akribh protypa ths ``company town'', ths biomhxanikhs polhs. H Gallikh Etaireia Metalleiwn Layrioy prwtistws kai deytereyontws h Ellhnikh Etaireia ``Metalloyrgeiwn toy Layrioy'', einai aytes poy kratoyn thn polh zwntanh, eyrwsth, paragwgikh. Kataskeyazoyn spitia kai katasthmata, sxoleia ki ekklhsies, nosokomeia, farmakeia, limenikes egkatastaseis.

H Ellada kaqierwnei th dikh ths ploytoparagwgikh ``Silicon Valley'', poly prin thn anakalycoyn oi Kalifornezoi. Ligo prin thn ekpnoh toy 19oy ai., to Layrio einai polh dieqnoys fhmhs. O topikos polos anaptyjhs ths gnwshs sth notioanatolikh gwnia ths Attikhs, aplwnetai se ektash 45.000 tetragwnikwn metrwn, sth qesh Kyprianos. O molybdos kai h katergasia toy einai eqniko kefalaio.

O pyrhnas twn egkatastasewn perilambanei 18 kaminoys, mikra metalloplysia (plynthria metalloy), mhxanoyrgeio kai sidhrodromo, poy syndeei to Layrio me thn Aqhna. Perissoteroi apo 1.200 ergates ``paizoyn sta daxtyla'' thn pyrwsh ths kalaminas, th fryjh kai thn anagwgikh thjh toy galhnith?Ta prwta xronia toy 20oy ai., h monada employtizetai me nees meqodoys epejergasias toy metalleymatos, oi 18 kaminoi ginontai 20 kai to systhma plinqopoihshs anadiorganwnetai.

To Layrio (apo th lejh ``layra'' h ``layrh'', poy shmainei stenwpos, steno perasma, shragga) einai apo tis shmantikoteres poleis ths Ellada twn neoterwn xronwn, ki as ``byqizetai'' h istoria ths 2.500 xronia pisw, tote poy o Periklhs kataskeyaze apo thn paragwgh ths perioxhs se argyro, ta aristoyrghmata toy Xrysoy Aiwna.

Sta telh toy dekaetias toy '20, oi epikefalhs twn dyo etaireiwn prospaqoyn na antimetwpisoyn mia zoferh, diplh pragmatikothta: H timh toy molybdoy peftei diarkws kai ta koitasmata toy metalleymatos ejantloyntai stadiaka. To 1930, ta ypoleimmata ths ghs den? pianoyn oyte ta ejoda ejoryjhs toys. H Gallikh Etaireia pwleitai se polyeqnikh ki ekeinh, kanei pia tis teleytaies parembaseis sto sygkrothma, meta th lhjh toy B' Pagkosmioy Polemoy.

Sto metajy, o plhqysmiakos xarakthras ths polhs exei alloiwqei apo to '22, otan sthn perioxh egkaqistantai prosfyges apo th Mikrasia. Oi jerizwmenoi apoteloyn prosferomeno ergatiko dynamiko, plhn omws, ta pragmata den einai opws palia. H xrysofora fleba toy metalleymatos exei ejasqenhsei shmantika ki epipleon, oi neoi diaxeiristes ths monadas exoyn n' antimetwpisoyn ena nea sobaro zhthma: Hdh, apo th biomhxanikh anaptyjh toy Layrioy, h poiothta toy periballontos pairnei thn katioysa. To fysiko topio kai h ploysia xlwrida ypobibazontai, oi aktes kalyptontai me sterea apoblhta, ta dash kaigontai, oi kapnoi, poy ``jernoyn'' oi kaminades, skepazoyn me omixlh thn eyryterh perifereia. Oyden kalon, amiges kakoy?

Oi epembaseis meta to B' Pagkosmio, prosanatolizontai sthn prostasia toy periballontos. Bazoyn filtra stis kaminades, alla einai pleon arga. H allote, krataia metalleytikh monada, ypoleitoyrgei ews to 1989, opote bazei oristika ``loyketo''.

Gia xronia polla, ta biomhxanika kthria, poy kapote esfyzan apo zwh kai dhmioyrgia, siwpoyn. Merikes jexasmenes foresies ergatwn, aposyntiqentai stis gwnies twn xwrwn paragwghs. Ta kranh ths doyleias skoyriazoyn ki oi gorges anases twn anqrwpwn, poy, allote, kratoysan sto?ycos toys toys qeoratoys toixoys, ginontai ayra, poy stoixeiwnei kai mpainobgainei ap' ta spasmena paraqyra.

Se toyta ta kthria grafthke ena megalo kommati ths biomhxanikhs anaptyjhs sthn Ellada kai to Eqniko Metsobio Polytexneio balqhke na to anasthsei. To 1991, oikopedo kai egkatastaseis ths Gallikhs Etaireias Metalleiwn Layrioy perierxontai sthn idiokthsia toy Ellhnikoy Dhmosioy ki amesws, pernoyn sto Ypoyrgeio Politismoy, poy anakhryssei to kthriako sygkrothma ``neotero mnhmeio''. To 1992 h diaxeirish toy istorikoy xwroy paraxwreitai se eidikh etaireia toy Polytexneioy kai tria xronia meta, Ellada kai Eyrwph anoigoyn ta tameia toys gia na jekinhsoyn ergasies apokatastashs kai diamorfwshs, alla se periorismenh ektash (sta 80 apo ta 243 stremmata), mias kai to ycos ths xrhmatodothshs den arkei gia na kalycei to synolo.

Sto diasthma poy akoloyqei, ta koyrniasmena peristeria ``metanasteyoyn'', oi toixoi twn kthriwn anasthlwnontai, ta spasmena tzamia antikaqistantai, oi steges episkeyazontai, ta dapeda ananewnontai, ta mhxanhmata ladwnontai kai gyalizontai, nees anases gemizoyn toys, allote, erhmoys xwroys.

To 2000, to Texnologiko Politistiko Parko Layrioy (TPPL) einai gegonos. Shmera, filojenei 15 foreis kai epixeirhseis ychlhs texnologias, sygkentrwnei thn texnologia apo to Metsobio Polytexneio kai apo alla panepisthmia ths xwras, syndeetai organika me thn polh kai thn eyryterh perioxh ths.

Oi epikefalhs toy programmatos sto EMP epishmainoyn oti sto TPPL, sth boreia eisodo ths polhs toy Layrioy, 55 xiliometra apo to kentro ths Aqhnas, ``paragetai ena periballon, mia domh mhxanismwn, paroxwn kai yphresiwn, poy analambanoyn na dieykolynoyn th dhmioyrgia ths sygxronhs epixeirhmatikothtas. To Parko stoxeyei na sthrijei kai na synexisei erga texnologikhs ereynas kai anaptyjhs.''.

Se o,ti afora ton politistiko xarakthra toy Parkoy, aytos ermhneyetai apo th geitniash toy me to Nao toy Poseidwna, to arxaio qeatro toy Qorikoy, to Arxaiologiko kai to Oryktologiko Moyseia toy Layrioy, to Oryktologiko Moyseio toy Agioy Kwnstantinoy, thn aiqoysa ekdhlwsewn toy dhmoy Layrioy kai asfalws, tis anaskafes twn ``Arxaiwn Metalleytikwn Plynthriwn''.

To periballon ``pairnei'' siga-siga ta?panw toy, neoi katoikoi denoyn th zwh toys me to attiko kommati, poy akomh, ariqmei ekatontades freata aiwnwn kai stoes. Ki einai ayta poy emeinan analloiwta na qymizoyn to ``xameno basileio'' twn ergatwn toy metalleymatos. Ayta, poy krathqhkan zwntana ws kai tis prwtes metapolemikes dekaeties.

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