Voice of America, 96-11-05

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From: The Voice of America <gopher://gopher.voa.gov>

CONTENTS

[01] TUESDAY'S EDITORIALS BY ANDREW N. GUTHRIE (WASHINGTON)

[02] EDITORIAL: INTERNATIONAL SCOURGE OF DRUGS

[03] BOSNIA/U-S DISPUTE BY ERICA BENIS (WASHINGTON)

[04] EURO STOCKS (S ONLY) BY JACK HUIZENGA (LONDON)

[05] TURKEY / GERMANY (L ONLY) BY KYLE KING (BONN)

[06] TURKEY / IRAN (L ONLY) BY AMBERIN ZAMAN (ANKARA)

[07] UN / SERB POLICE (L-O) BY LAURA ROZEN (SARAJEVO)

[01] TUESDAY'S EDITORIALS BY ANDREW N. GUTHRIE (WASHINGTON)

INTRO: IT IS ELECTION DAY IN THE UNITED STATES, AND THAT FACT IS MOST APPARENT IN THE EDITORIAL COLUMNS OF VIRTUALLY EVERY MAJOR PAPER. MANY ARE REPRINTING, IN BRIEF, THEIR ENDORSEMENTS OF VARIOUS CANDIDATES EARLIER IN THE CAMPAIGN. OTHER EDITORIALS FOCUS ON THE CITIZEN'S RIGHT AND DUTY TO VOTE; THE CAMPAIGN FINANCING CONTROVERSY; THE ETHNIC WAR IN CENTRAL AFRICA; THE AMERICAN DIPLOMAT EXPELLED FROM CUBA, AND THE CONTROVERSY OVER WORLD WAR TWO TREASURE. NOW, HERE WITH A CLOSER LOOK IS __________________ AND TODAY'S U-S EDITORIAL DIGEST.

TEXT: THE NEW YORK TIMES' LEAD EDITORIAL STRESSES THE IMPORTANCE OF AMERICANS EXERCISING THEIR RIGHT TO VOTE AND WORRIES THAT THE FORECAST OF A CLINTON VICTORY WILL CAUSE MANY POTENTIAL VOTERS TO STAY AWAY FROM THE POLLS.

VOICE: "OUR HOPE, NATURALLY, IS THAT EVEN THOSE WHO HAVE BEEN LULLED BY PRESIDENT CLINTON'S LEAD IN PRE-ELECTION POLLS OR TURNED OFF [DISILLUSIONED] BY THE NEGATIVE ATTACK ADS THAT HAVE TARNISHED SO MANY CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGNS WILL ROUSE THEMSELVES AND PULL THE LEVER. FOR ONE THING, VOTING IS A DEBT WE OWE DEMOCRACY. FOR ANOTHER ... THERE ARE REAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE TWO PARTIES -- NOTABLY IN THEIR ATTITUDES TOWARD IRRESPONSIBLE TAX CUTS AND THE GOVERNMENT'S ABILITY TO DEAL WITH SOCIAL PROBLEMS."

TEXT: IN USA TODAY, THERE IS A PLEA FOR VOTERS TO TURN OUT BECAUSE THE CONGRESSIONAL RACES ARE SO IMPORTANT.

VOICE: "... NO PLACE IS THE SECONDARY IMPACT OF YOUR VOTE MORE VISIBLE THAN IN CONGRESS. EACH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT AND EACH STATE WITH A SENATE RACE IS NOT ONLY ELECTING ITS LOCAL MEMBER BUT CASTING A VOTE FOR WHO WILL CONTROL THE AGENDA ON CAPITOL HILL. A VOTE FOR ANY REPUBLICAN HOUSE CANDIDATE IS ALSO A VOTE TO KEEP NEWT GINGRICH AS SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE AND MOST CURRENT, CONSERVATIVE COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN IN PLACE. A VOTE FOR ANY DEMOCRAT IS A VOTE TO MAKE RICHARD GEPHARDT SPEAKER AND PUT DEMOCRATS IN CONTROL OF COMMITTEES, MOST OF THEM MORE LIBERAL THAN THE AVERAGE DEMOCRATIC VOTER OR MEMBER, JUST AS THE REPUBLICAN CHAIRS ARE MORE CONSERVATIVE THAN THEIR CONSTITUENCIES."

TEXT: IN SOUTH FLORIDA, THE MIAMI HERALD SAYS "THE EXCESSES" OF THE '96 ELECTION CAMPAIGN "DRIVE HOME THE NEED FOR SWEPING REFORM OF CAMPAIGN-FINANCE LAWS."

VOICE: "[OPT] BUT FOR THE VOTING, IT'S OVER TODAY. OR IS IT? ... THERE IS STILL ONE MORE ACT IN THE WINGS: CAMPAIGN-FINANCE REFORM. [END OPT] ... ANYONE WHO THINKS ... THE EXCESSES OF '96 WILL BE SWEPT AWAY WITH THE CONFETTI HASN'T RECKONED WITH THE FACT THAT ATTORNEY GENERAL JANET RENO WAS FORCED LAST WEEK TO ORDER AN OFFICIAL INQUIRY INTO DEMOCRATIC PARTY FUND RAISING. THAT'S THE FIRST STEP TOWARD APPOINTING AN INDEPENDENT COUNSEL (TO INVESTIAGATE CAMPAIGN FUND-RAISING). LET IT ALSO BE THE FIRST STEP TOWARD REFORM IN 1997."

TEXT: TURNING TO FOREIGN CONCERNS, THE WASHINGTON POST SPEAKS ABOUT WHO IS TO BLAME FOR THE BORDER WAR IN CENTRAL AFRICA, AND THE MILLION OR SO REFUGEES IT HAS CREATED.

VOICE: "THE WEEKEND'S FORCED EVACUATION OF FOREIGN RELIEF WORKERS FROM EASTERN ZAIRE CLOSES A RESCUE OPERATION THAT BEGAN IN 1994 AND LEAVES PERHAPS A MILLION REFUGEES FROM RWANDA AND BURUNDI IN GREAT PERIL. THESE REFUGEES ARE MOSTLY HUTUS, FORCED OUT BY TUTSI-LED REGIMES AVENGING HUTU GENOCIDE. UNFORTUNATELY, ZAIRE GAVE THE HUTU PERPETRATORS SANCTUARY IN ZAIREAN BORDER CAMPS, AND THEY HAVE STIRRED UP TROUBLE BACK IN THEIR HOMELANDS... MUTUAL STATE SPONSORSHIP OF MUTUAL ETHNIC INSURGENCIES IS THE TICKET TO OBLIVION... [OPT] THE AID AGENCIES ARE BEING WIDELY CRITICIZED FOR THEIR ROLE IN THE DRIFT. BUT THE AGENCIES ARE ENTITLED TO OBSERVE THAT IT WAS BY THE DEFAULT OF OTHERS THAT THEY WERE GIVEN A TASK FAR BEYOND THEIR MISSION AND RESOURCES. THE WORLD AID BRIGADE WAS NEVER MEANT TO SORT OUT WHOLE WARS. IF BOSNIA IS WHAT YOU GET FROM WOBBLY DIPLOMACY BACKED BY TOO LITTLE FORCE, [THE SITUATION IN] RWANDA, BURUNDI AND ZAIRE ARE WHAT YOU GET FROM AID BACKED BY TOO LITTLE FORCE AND NOT MUCH DIPLOMACY EITHER." [END OPT]

TEXT: FOR ITS PART, THE NEW YORK TIMES SAYS THE WORLD, LED BY THE UNITED STATES, MUST ACT QUICKLY TO SAVE THE HUTU REFUGEES FROM STARVATION AND DISEASE.

VOICE: "THE SENSIBLE SOLUTION IS TO CREATE INTERNATIONALLY PROTECTED CORRIDORS SO ... HUTU REFUGEES CAN RETURN HOME TO RWANDA. SOME PROTECTION WILL ALSO BE NEEDED AFTER THEY ARRIVE... IF PROTECTED CORRIDORS CANNOT BE OPENED IN THE NEXT FEW DAYS, PRESIDENT CLINTON AND OTHER WORLD LEADERS SHOULD PRESS FOR THE CREATION OF A TEMPORARY SANCTUARY TO WHICH FOOD CAN BE AIRLIFTED AND PUMPING EQUIPMENT FOR FRESH WATER DELIVERED. WITHOUT SUCH AN EFFORT, TENS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE MAY NEEDLESSLY DIE."

TEXT: THE WASHINGTON POST IS SALUTING U-S DIPLOMAT ROBIN MEYER, WHO WAS EXPELLED BY CUBA RECENTLY FOR HER CONTACTS WITH HUMAN RIGHTS REPRESENTATIVES AND INDEPENDENT PROFESSIONAL GROUPS. SAYS THE POST:

VOICE: "HERE'S TO ROBIN MEYER... FIDEL CASTRO'S GOONS WERE ALL OVER MS. MEYER. THEY HARASSED AND ATTEMPTED TO INTIMIDATE NOT ONLY HER BUT, EVEN MORE, THE CUBAN DISSIDENTS AND OTHERS WHO CHOSE TO RECEIVE HER... THE HUMAN RIGHTS BEAT [POST] IN HAVANA CAN'T BE MUCH FUN FOR AMERICAN DIPLOMATS. BUT IT PUTS THEM IN TOUCH WITH AN ADMIRABLE BUNCH OF PEOPLE, AND IT OFFERS THEM INFORMATION AND INSIGHT INTO A SECTOR OF CUBAN REALITY CENTRAL TO THE COUNTRY'S PROSPECTS FOR A PEACEFUL TRANSITION SOMEDAY TO A FREE SOCIETY."

TEXT: ON NEW YORK'S LONG ISLAND, NEWSDAY, IS CONCERNED ABOUT THE HARMFUL EFFECT THE F-B-I'S LONG INVESTIGATION OF FORMER OLYMPIC BOMBING SUSPECT RICHARD JEWELL WILL HAVE ON HIS FUTURE. SAYS THE PAPER:

VOICE: "THE U-S GOVERNMENT OWES RICHARD JEWELL AN APOLOGY. BUT NOT BECAUSE ITS EMPLOYEES INVESTIGATED THE SECURITY GUARD WHO DISCOVERED THE BOMB ... IN ATLANTA'S OLYMPIC PARK JULY 27[TH]... NO, THE F-B-I NEEDN'T APOLOGIZE FOR DOING ITS JOB. BUT ITS JOB DIDN'T INCLUDE LEAKING TO [INFORMING] THE MEDIA, ON THE FLIMSIEST OF EVIDENCE, THE NEWS THAT ITS TOP SUSPECT WAS THE FORMER SHERIFF'S DEPUTY WHO HAD FIRST NOTICED THE BACKPACK THAT CONTAINED THE BOMB. [OPT] ... PERHAPS THE ONLY GOOD TO BE FOUND IN A WRETCHED CASE LIKE THIS IS THAT IT FORCEFULLY REMINDS THE PRESS AND PUBLIC ALIKE HOW VITAL THE PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE IS IN OUR CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM." [END OPT]

TEXT: LASTLY, REGARDING THE RECENT SALE IN AUSTRIA OF ART TREASURES CONFISCATED BY NAZI GERMANY DURING WORLD WAR TWO, A SALE THAT BENEFITED HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS, TODAY'S WASHINGTON POST SAYS:

VOICE: IT'S ENTIRELY PROPER THAT THESE LONG-TANGLED ACCOUNTS ARE FINALLY BEING STRAIGHTENED OUT AND THAT RESEARCHERS NOW CAN BEGIN, AT LEAST, TO COMPILE A RECORD OF WHAT ACTUALLY HAPPENED TO THE VAST AMOUNTS OF MATERIAL PROPERTY LOOTED BY THE NAZIS FROM BOTH JEWS AND NON-JEWS -- NOT TO MENTION GOVERNMENTS AND MUSEUMS -- IN THEIR CONQUEST OF EUROPE. [OPT] BUT THE DRIVE FOR RESTITUTION AND REPARATIONS HAS HAD ANOTHER, INDIRECT EFFECT: IT HAS MADE MORE VISIBLE A LARGELY UNSUSPECTED BODY OF LAW ALREADY ON THE BOOKS -- SOME INTERNATIONAL AND SOME PARTICULAR TO INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES -- THAT CAN AID THE ORIGINAL OWNERS OF STOLEN OR LOOTED PROPERTY IN RECOVERING IT, EVEN YEARS AFTER THE FACT." [END OPT]

TEXT: THAT COMMENT FROM THE WASHINGTON POST CONCLUDES TODAY'S LOOK AT EDITORIALS FROM SOME OF THE LEADING U-S NEWSPAPERS.
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05-Nov-96 11:05 AM EST (1605 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America

[02] EDITORIAL: INTERNATIONAL SCOURGE OF DRUGS

ANNCR: THE VOICE OF AMERICA PRESENTS DIFFERING POINTS OF VIEW ON A WIDE VARIETY OF ISSUES. NEXT, AN EDITORIAL EXPRESSING THE POLICIES OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT.

VOICE:

ONE OF TODAY'S MOST PRESSING INTERNATIONAL PROBLEMS IS ILLEGAL TRAFFICKING IN DRUGS. THE CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES ASSOCIATED WITH DRUG TRAFFICKING INFLICT STAGGERING COSTS ON SOCIETIES. ILLEGAL DRUGS KILL AND SICKEN PEOPLE, DRAIN ECONOMIES, AND UNDERMINE LEGAL AND POLITICAL SYSTEMS. BILLIONS OF DOLLARS FLOW ILLEGALLY THROUGH INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL SYSTEMS AS A RESULT OF THIS ILLICIT TRADE.

NO COUNTRY IS IMMUNE. MOST OF THE COCAINE PRODUCED IN THE WORLD COMES FROM SOUTH AMERICA. THE PURVEYORS OF THIS POISON ARE DEVELOPING NEW MARKETS IN EASTERN EUROPE, ASIA, AND THE STATES OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION. SIXTY PERCENT OF THE HEROIN THAT ENTERS THE UNITED STATES COMES FROM BURMA, AND THE U.S. REMAINS ONE OF THE LARGEST MARKETS FOR ILLEGAL DRUGS. BUT THE EFFORT TO REDUCE DRUG USE BY AMERICANS WILL NOT BY ITSELF SOLVE THE PROBLEM.

THE U.S. BELIEVES THAT ONLY A COORDINATED INTERNATIONAL EFFORT WILL STOP THE DRUG MENACE. IN THE WORDS OF U.S. DRUG CONTROL POLICY DIRECTOR BARRY MCCAFFREY, "IF WE ARE TO MAKE INROADS AGAINST THIS GROWING PROBLEM, WE SHALL ONLY DO SO COLLECTIVELY. WE CAN DO SO BY FORMULATING A COMMON UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROBLEMS POSED BY DRUG PRODUCTION, TRAFFICKING, AND CONSUMPTION AND DEVELOPING COOPERATIVE APPROACHES AND SOLUTIONS."

THAT MEANS WORKING TO LIMIT MONEY-LAUNDERING, WHICH DRUG TRAFFICKERS USE TO HIDE THEIR PROFITS. IT MEANS STOPPING THE DIVERSION OF CHEMICALS USED TO MAKE ILLEGAL DRUGS. IT MEANS TAKING ACTION AGAINST COMPANIES THAT FACILITATE THE DRUG TRADE. IT MEANS DEVELOPING NEW PROCEDURES FOR BOARDING VESSELS SUSPECTED OF TRANSPORTING ILLEGAL DRUGS.

AS DRUG CONTROL POLICY DIRECTOR MCCAFFREY SAID, "NONE OF US CAN BE SATISFIED WITH THE CURRENT SITUATION. DESPITE UNPARALLELED COMMITMENT BY MOST IN OUR COMMUNITY OF NATIONS, THE PROBLEM IS GROWING WORSE. WE MUST COOPERATE TO DEVELOP EFFECTIVE INTERNATIONAL RESPONSES TO A MAJOR THREAT TO OUR YOUTH AND OUR HEALTH."

ANNCR:

THAT WAS AN EDITORIAL EXPRESSING THE POLICIES OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT. IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO BE HEARD ON THIS ISSUE, PLEASE WRITE TO EDITORIALS, VOICE OF AMERICA, WASHINGTON, DC, 20547, USA. YOU MAY ALSO SEND US A FAX AT (202) 619-1043. YOUR COMMENTS MAY BE USED ON THE AIR.
05-Nov-96 3:05 PM EST (2005 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America

[03] BOSNIA/U-S DISPUTE BY ERICA BENIS (WASHINGTON)

THE U-S STATE DEPARTMENT HAS TOLD THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT THAT IT MUST FIRE A HIGH DEFENSE OFFICIAL WHO HAS CLOSE TIES TO IRAN BEFORE IT CAN RECEIVE UP TO 100-MILLION DOLLARS WORTH OF U-S MILITARY EQUIPMENT. BOSNIAN PRESIDENT ALIJA IZETBEGOVIC HAS TOLD WASHINGTON THAT HE WILL DISMISS HASSAN CENGIC FROM THE POST OF DEPUTY DEFENSE MINISTER. U-S OFFICIALS SAY THE ARMS SHIPMENT WILL NOT BE UNLOADED UNTIL THAT HAPPENS. FOR BACKGROUND ON THE MATTER, HERE IS _____________ WITH A REPORT

TEXT: HASAN CENGIC IS AN ISLAMIC CLERIC WHO LIVED IN TEHERAN AND ISTANBUL DURING MUCH OF THE WAR IN BOSNIA. AS A MEMBER OF THE SUDANESE-CONTROLLED THIRD WORLD RELIEF AGENCY SUPERVISORY BOARD, MR. CENGIC PURCHASED HUNDREDS OF MILLIONS OF DOLLARS WORTH OF BLACK-MARKET WEAPONS FOR BOSNIA. HE ALSO BECAME THE KEY BOSNIAN OFFICIAL INVOLVED IN SETTING UP A WEAPONS PIPELINE FROM IRAN. THE CLERIC IS NOW DEPUTY DEFENSE MINISTER AND ONE OF THE MOST POWERFUL MEN IN THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT.

PAUL BEAVER, A MILITARY ANALYST WITH THE BRITISH PUBLICATION JANE'S DEFENSE WEEKLY, SAYS THAT HASSAN CENGIC BACKS THE IDEA OF CREATING A BOSNIAN MUSLIM ARMY. BUT THAT NEGATES THE U-S 'EQUIP AND TRAIN' PROGRAM INTENDED TO CREATE A WESTERN-STYLE JOINT FORCE OF CROATS AND MUSLIMS.

TAPE: CUT ONE BEAVER "THERE ARE A LOT OF PEOPLE IN THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT WHO DON'T WANT TO SEE THAT. THEY WANT TO SEE AN ISLAMIC REVOLUTIONARY STYLE ARMY. THE SORT OF ARMY THAT YOU SEE IN IRAN -- HAPPY TO FIGHT IN A JIHAD OR HOLY WAR, AS OPPOSED TO AN ARMY WHICH IS WELL DISCIPLINED AND DOES WHAT IT'S TOLD TO DO."

TEXT: TWELVE MONTHS IN THE MAKING, THE 400-MILLION-DOLLAR AMERICAN PLAN TO ARM AND TRAIN THE MUSLIM-CROAT ARMY IS MEANT TO BRING THE FEDERATION ARMY UP TO PAR WITH THE BOSNIAN SERB FORCES, AND TO REDUCE BOSNIA'S DEPENDENCY ON HARD-LINE ISLAMIC STATES. AGAIN MR. BEAVER:

TAPE: CUT TWO BEAVER "WHAT THE AMERICANS ARE DOING IS PROVIDING TANKS, ARMORED PERSONNEL CARRIERS, AND THEY'RE TRYING TO CHANGE THE WEAPONS' SYSTEMS, THE KALISHNIKOVS, RUSSIAN-STYLE GUNS AND SMALL ARMS, OVER TO THE AMERICAN M-16S AND M-60 HEAVY MACHINEGUNS TO CREATE SOME SORT OF CONTINUITY ALONG WITH WHAT IS USED IN THE WEST."

TEXT: AS A HIGH OFFICIAL IN THE DEFENSE MINISTRY, HASSAN CENGIC HAS REFUSED TO CREATE AN ORGANIZATION THAT WOULD WORK WITH THE GROUP OF RETIRED U-S GENERALS WHO ARE SUPPOSED TO TRAIN THE JOINT BOSNIAN ARMY. PAUL BEAVER SAYS MR. CENGIC IS NOT ALONE IN HIS OPPOSITION TO AN INSTITUTIONALIZED ARMY THAT WOULD TAKE ITS ORDERS FROM A CIVILIAN GOVERNMENT.

TAPE: CUT THREE BEAVER "THE SORT OF REVOLUTIONARY ISLAMIC FIGHTING THAT SOME ELEMENTS WITHIN THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT WOULD LIKE TO SEE DEPENDS ON PEOPLE AND SMALL ARMS, AND TERRORIST ACTIONS, AND LIGHT ACTIONS, USING PEOPLE AND INFANTRY TANKS -- IN FACT, THE SORT OF TACTICS THAT THE BOSNIAN MUSLIMS TRIED FOR YEARS AND YEARS, IN THE EARLY PART OF THE CIVIL WAR, AND FAILED MISERABLY."

TEXT: KENNETH TIMMERMAN IS DIRECTOR OF THE MIDDLE EAST DATA PROJECT, A WASHINGTON-BASED CONSULTING FIRM. HE SAYS THE UNITED STATES KNEW WHEN THE BOSNIA PEACE ACCORDS WERE SIGNED THAT THERE WERE TWO TO THREE-THOUSAND IRANIAN FIGHTERS, REVOLUTIONARY GUARDS, AND INTELLIGENCE AGENTS IN BOSNIA ASSISTING THE GOVERNMENT. IT IS THEIR CONTINUING PRESENCE IN BOSNIA THAT STILL WORRIES THE UNITED STATES.

TAPE: CUT FOUR TIMMERMAN "THEY HAVE GONE NOW UNDERGROUND. THEY ARE NO LONGER WEARING UNIFORMS, THEY ARE DISGUISED IN MANY CASES AS HEALTH EXPERTS OR HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS (MEMBERS). MANY OF THEM HAVE MARRIED BOSNIAN WOMEN. SO YOU HAVE AN EXTENSIVE AND DEEP PENETRATION OF BOSNIAN SOCIETY BY IRANIAN INTELLIGENCE ESTABLISHMENT. AND THIS IS SOMETHING THAT HAS GOT EVERYBODY CONCERNED, BECAUSE IT WOULD GIVE THE IRANIANS A BEACHHEAD IN EUROPE."

TEXT: ANOTHER CONCERN, SAYS KEN TIMMERMAN, IS THE EXTREMELY CLOSE CONNECTION BETWEEN FACTIONS IN THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT -- INCLUDING THE DEPUTY DEFENSE MINISTER -- AND THE IRANIAN INTELLIGENCE SERVICES.

TAPE: CUT FIVE TIMMERMAN "THIS CONNECTION IS ONGOING; IT HAS NEVER BEEN SEVERED. WE HAVE SEEN NUMEROUS TRIPS BACK AND FORTH BETWEEN SARAJEVO AND TEHERAN WITH OFFICIALS OF THE TWO GOVERNMENTS, AND THIS DESPITE THE PLEDGES BY IZETBEGOVIC THAT HE WOULD SEVER THE TIES WITH TEHERAN."

TEXT: PAUL BEAVER MENTIONS YET ANOTHER REASON FOR CONCERN. UNLIKE SAUDI ARABIA, INDONESIA, BAHRAIN, TURKEY AND VARIOUS OTHER MUSLIM COUNTRIES THAT HAVE GIVEN BOSNIA MONEY AND WEAPONS DURING THE WAR, HE SAYS IRAN WANTS TO GO A STEP FURTHER:

TAPE: CUT SIX BEAVER "IT'S TRYING TO GET INTO INFLUENCE. THE SAUDI ARABIANS ARE NOT TRYING TO IMPOSE THEIR WAY OF THINKING, THEIR PARTICULAR BRAND OF ISLAM ON BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, BUT THE IRANIANS ARE. THEY ARE CERTAINLY OUT THERE TRYING TO CHANGE THE WAY IN WHICH THE BOSNIANS THINK AND DO BUSINESS."

TEXT: KENNETH TIMMERMAN SAYS THE FAILURE OF THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT TO LIVE UP TO ITS COMMITMENTS TO SHED THE IRANIAN INFLUENCE CAUSED THE UNITED STATES TO HOLD UP DELIVERY OF THE ARMS SHIPMENT -- WHICH IS SITTING ON A SHIP ANCHORED OFF THE ADRIATIC COAST. THE BALL, HE SAYS, IS NOW IN BOSNIAN PRESIDENT IZETBEGOVIC'S COURT.

TAPE: CUT SEVEN TIMMERMAN "IT'S UP TO HIM AND HIS GOVERNMENT TO DECIDE WHICH IS MORE IMPORTANT TO THEM: DO THEY WANT TO BE A PRO-WESTERN GOVERNMENT, DO THEY WANT TO HAVE THE SUPPORT OF THE WEST IN THEIR SEARCH FOR FREEDOM AND FOR NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY, OR DO THEY WANT TO BECOME ALLIED TO THE 'ROGUE' STATES AND TO BECOME AN OUTLAW IN EUROPE WITH THE HELP OF IRAN. THAT, I THINK, IS THE CHOICE THAT THEY'RE FACING RIGHT NOW."

TEXT: IT IS EXPECTED THAT A BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT REORGANIZATION WILL TAKE PLACE ON WEDNESDAY (11/6). MR. IZETBEGOVIC HAS INDICATED THAT HASSAN CENGIC WILL BE OFFERED ANOTHER POWERFUL POST OUTSIDE THE DEFENSE MINISTRY. BUT IT REMAINS TO BE SEEN IF MR. CENGIC'S TRANSFER WOULD BE SUFFICIENT CAUSE FOR WASHINGTON TO PROCEED WITH THE ARMS DELIVERY.
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05-Nov-96 12:26 PM EST (1726 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America

[04] EURO STOCKS (S ONLY) BY JACK HUIZENGA (LONDON)

INTRO: SHARE PRICES WERE WERE MIXED TUESDAY ON MAJOR EUROPEAN MARKETS. V-O-A'S JACK HUIZENGA HAS THE CLOSING FIGURES FROM OUR BUREAU IN LONDON.

TEXT: STOCK MARKETS ROSE SHARPLY IN BOTH PARIS AND FRANKFURT. TRADERS SAID PRICES WERE BOOSTED BY A BULLISH MORNING ON WALL STREET AND THE APPARENTLY SUCCESSFUL HEART SURGERY FOR RUSSIAN PRESIDENT BORIS YELTSIN.

IN FRANKFURT, THE DAX-30 INDEX WAS UP DURING FLOOR TRADING AND ROSE EVEN MORE IN LATER COMPUTERIZED TRADING TO FINISH THE DAY UP ALMOST ONE-AND-ONE-HALF-PERCENT. IN PARIS, THE CAC-40 INDEX ALSO ROSE -- ABOUT THREE-QUARTERS OF ONE-PERCENT.

THE LONDON MARKET FAILED TO MATCH THE OTHER TWO TRADING CENTER -- DOGGED, TRADERS SAY, BY WORRIES ABOUT RISING BRITISH INTEREST RATES. THE FINANCIAL TIMES FOOTSIE-100 INDEX ENDED THE DAY A FRACTION LOWER, TO ITS LOWEST LEVEL IN SIX WEEKS.

ON EUROPEAN CURRENCY MARKETS, THE U-S DOLLAR ROSE IN VALUE AGAINST THE JAPANESE YEN AND THE GERMAN MARK. BUT THE DOLLAR CONTINUED TO LOSE VALUE AGAINST THE BRITISH POUND. (SIGNED)
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05-Nov-96 1:41 PM EST (1841 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America

[05] TURKEY / GERMANY (L ONLY) BY KYLE KING (BONN)

INTRO: TURKISH PRESIDENT SULEYMAN DEMIREL USED THE SECOND DAY OF HIS VISIT TO GERMANY FOR TALKS WITH CHANCELLOR HELMUT KOHL. AS V-O-A'S KYLE KING REPORTS FROM BONN, CONCERNS ABOUT TURKEY'S HUMAN RIGHTS RECORD HAVE BEEN FOLLOWING THE TURKISH PRESIDENT SINCE HIS FOUR DAY VISIT BEGAN ON MONDAY.

TEXT: SEVERAL HUNDRED PROTESTERS GATHERED NEAR THE CHANCELLOR'S OFFICE IN BONN AS THE TURKISH PRESIDENT AND MR. KOHL HELD THEIR TALKS.

TURKISH PROTESTERS, WHO ACCUSE THE ANKARA GOVERNMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES AGAINST KURDISH SEPARATISTS, CALLED ON GERMANY TO HALT ECONOMIC AND MILITARY SUPPORT FOR TURKEY.

ANALYSTS SAY MR. DEMIREL WILL LIKELY USE HIS VISIT TO SEEK GERMANY'S HELP IN IMPROVING TURKEY'S RELATIONS WITH THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY.

IN ADDITIONS TO CONCERNS ABOUT HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES, THOSE RELATIONS HAVE ALSO BEEN STRAINED BY THE CONTINUING CONFLICT IN CYPRUS AND THE TURKISH GOVERNMENT'S INCREASINGLY ISLAMIC TILT.

A RESEARCHER AT THE CENTER FOR TURKISH STUDIES IN ESSEN, YASEFINEN OZBEK, SAYS TURKEY REMAINS A STRONGLY SECULAR COUNTRY. BUT SHE SAYS EUROPEAN POLICIES IN BOSNIA AND THE SLOW PACE OF TURKISH INTEGRATION WITH EUROPE HAVE DISMAYED MANY TURKS.

MOST OF THE PEOPLE WHO VOTED FOR THE ISLAMIC PARTY ARE ALSO DISAPPOINTED BY EVENTS IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, AND ALSO THE SLOW PACE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY IN ACCEPTING TURKEY HAS HURT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TURKS AND WESTERN COUNTRIES.

GERMAN OFFICIALS SAY TURKISH MOVES TO WIDEN POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND EASE LIMITS OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION WILL HELP SPEED INTEGRATION WITH WESTERN EUROPE.

BUT SKEPTICS SAY THE CURRENT TURKISH GOVERNMENT'S EFFORTS TO EXPAND TIES TO THE ISLAMIC WORLD HAVE CAST DOUBT ON ITS ABILITY TO FORGE TIES WITH THE WEST.

SOME GERMAN OFFICIALS SAY THERE IS A DANGER THAT TURKEY AND WESTERN EUROPE ARE MOVING FURTHER APART INSTEAD OF CLOSER TOGETHER, A TREND MR. DEMIREL WILL TRY TO REVERSE DURING HIS VISIT. (SIGNED)
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05-Nov-96 11:51 AM EST (1651 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America

[06] TURKEY / IRAN (L ONLY) BY AMBERIN ZAMAN (ANKARA)

INTRO: TURKEY AND IRAN HAVE AGREED TO ADVANCE THE TIMETABLE FOR THEIR 20-BILLION DOLLAR GAS DEAL BY ONE YEAR. AMBERIN ZAMAN IN ANKARA REPORTS THE TURKISH ENERGY MINISTER SAID U-S OBJECTIONS TO THE AGREEMENT WILL NOT DETER TURKEY FROM PRESSING AHEAD WITH THE PROJECT WHICH HE DESCRIBED AS BEING IN TURKEY'S NATIONAL INTEREST.

TEXT: THERE WERE SMILES ALL AROUND AS IRANIAN OIL MINISTER GHULAMREZA AGHAZADEH AND TURKISH ENERGY MINISTER RECAI KUTAN KISSED EACH OTHER ON THE CHEEKS AFTER SIGNING THE NEW PROTOCOL.

UNDER TERMS OF THE REVISED AGREEMENT, IRANIAN NATURAL GAS WILL START ARRIVING IN TURKEY AT THE END OF 1998 RATHER THAN IN 1999 AS ORIGINALLY AGREED. THE 22-YEAR LONG DEAL ALLOWS TURKEY TO IMPORT THREE-BILLION CUBIC METERS OF IRANIAN NATURAL GAS A YEAR. THAT AMOUNT IS TO BE INCREASED TO 10-BILLION CUBIC METERS A YEAR BY THE YEAR 2005.

TURKISH ENERGY MINISTER KUTAN SAID TURKEY WAS SEEKING TO REDUCE ITS DEPENDENCE ON RUSSIAN GAS IMPORTS AND THAT THE IRANIAN DEAL NEEDED TO BE EVALUATED WITHIN THAT FRAMEWORK..

THE DEAL HAS BEEN CRITICIZED BY THE U-S GOVERNMENT WHICH IN AUGUST PASSED LEGISLATION THAT WOULD PENALIZE NON U-S COMPANIES INVESTING MORE THAN 40 MILLION DOLLARS A YEAR IN IRANIAN AND LIBYAN OIL AND GAS PROJECTS.

WESTERN DIPLOMATS SAY TURKEY WILL NOT PROVIDE ANY FINANCING FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE IRANIAN SECTION OF A PROPOSED PIPELINE TO CARRY THE GAS, AND SO HOPES TO AVOID U-S SANCTIONS.

IRANIAN OIL MINISTER AGHAZADEH SAID IRAN WOULD FIND THE ESTIMATED 200-MILLION DOLLARS NEEDED TO BUILD THE LINE, THROUGH ITS OWN MEANS. (SIGNED)
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05-Nov-96 12:51 PM EST (1751 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America

[07] UN / SERB POLICE (L-O) BY LAURA ROZEN (SARAJEVO)

INTRO: THE UNITED NATIONS HAS BEEN INVESTIGATING CLAIMS THAT FOUR INDICTED BOSNIAN SERB WAR CRIMINALS ARE WORKING AS POLICEMEN IN THE BOSNIAN SERB ENTITY. LAURA ROZEN REPORTS FROM SARAJEVO.

TEXT: U-N SPOKESMAN ALEX IVANKO SAYS A U-N INVESTIGATION HAS CONFIRMED THAT FOUR BOSNIAN SERBS INDICTED FOR WAR CRIMES HAVE BEEN, AND MAY STILL BE, EMPLOYED AS POLICE OFFICERS IN THE NORTHWESTERN BOSNIAN SERB TOWNS OF PRIJEDOR AND OMARSKA.

U-N POLICE MONITORS IN PRIJEDOR NOTICED IN JULY THAT THE NAMES OF FOUR LOCAL POLICE OFFICERS MATCHED THOSE OF MEN INDICTED BY THE INTERNATIONAL WAR CRIMES TRIBUNAL IN THE HAGUE. HOWEVER, THE U-N POLICE REGIONAL COMMANDER IN BANJA LUKA FAILED TO PASS THE INFORMATION TO U-N HEADQUARTERS IN SARAJEVO, AND THE INDICTED SERBS HAVE CONTINUED SERVING ON THE LOCAL POLICE FORCE.

A U-N INVESTIGATION HAS NOT YET TURNED UP THE REASON THAT INFORMATION FAILED TO REACH HEADQUARTERS UNTIL NOW.

TWO OF THE MEN IN QUESTION, NEDELJKO MAJAKIC AND MIROSLAV KVOCKA, WERE INDICTED FOR BEING FORMER COMMANDERS OF THE OMARSKA CONCENTRATION CAMP, WHERE HUNDREDS OF MUSLIMS AND CROATS ARE BELIEVED TO HAVE INTERRED, TORTURED, AND MURDERED.

BOSNIAN SERB PRESIDENT BILJANA PLAVSIC TOLD VISITING U-S STATE DEPARTMENT ENVOY JOHN SHATTUCK MONDAY THAT THE FOUR INDICATED SERBS WILL BE DISMISSED FROM THE POLICE FORCE. BUT MRS. PLAVSIC ADDED THAT IT VIOLATES THE BOSNIAN SERB CONSTITUTION TO EXTRADITE WAR CRIMINALS.

MR. SHATTUCK SAID THE UNITED STATES WOULD CONTINUE TO WITHHOLD ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE TO THE SERB ENTITY IF IT FAILS TO TURN OVER INDICATED MEN. (SIGNED)
NEB/LR/KB/CF
05-Nov-96 2:05 PM EST (1905 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America

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