[01] Ypo to fobo pyrhnikoy atyxhmatos sthn Iapwnia

Stigmes agwnias zoyn ekatommyria polites sthn Iapwnia, kaqws h kybernhsh anakoinwse pws einai piqano na exei jekinhsei h diadikasia thjhs stoys pyrhnes twn antidrasthrwn 1 kai 3 sto pyrhniko kentro Foykoysima No1, sthn katestrammenh apo ton seismo twn 8,9 Rixter kai to epakoloyqo tsoynami boreianatolikh perioxh ths xwras. Oi texnikoi ston pyrhniko staqmo pasxizoyn na apotrecoyn thn thjh stoys antidrasthres, oi opoioi exoyn xasei kai ta efedrika systhmata cyjhs. Perissoteroi apo 200.000 katoikoi exoyn apomakrynqei apo thn perioxh , enw ypologizetai oti apo thn eklysh radienergeias exoyn molynqei toylaxiston 170 anqrwpoi. Thn idia wra ayjanetai synexws o ariqmos twn qymatwn, apo to mega seismo kai to tsoynami.

Thjh kai se deytero antidrasthra

Dramatikes stigmes zoyn ekatommyria polites ths Iapwnias, poy meta to sok toy seismoy 8,9 rixter kai toy tsoynami poy isopedwse oloklhres perioxes sthn boreioanatolikh pleyra ths xwras parasernontas sto diaba toy ekatontades anqrwpoys sto qanato,, pleon zoyn ypo to fobo enos pyrhnikoy atyxhmatos me aprobleptes synepeies gia thn xwra kai thn eyryterh perioxh.

H iapwnikh kybernhsh proeidopoihse shmera pws yparxei neo megalo endexomeno na shmeiwqei ekrhjh ston pyrhniko staqmo Foykoysima No 1 ejaitias ths sygkentrwshs ydrogonoy ston antidrasthra 3.

To prwi toy Sabbatoy shmeiwqhke ekrhjh sto kthrio poy stegazei ton antidrasthra 1 ths idias monadas kai shmane synagermos gia piqanh diarroh radienergeias sth gyrw perioxh.

Thn Kyriakh symfwna me ta osa exoyn anakoinwqei, katagrafhke kai deytero problhma ston pyrhniko staqmo ths Foykoysima Ntaiitsi afoy o antidrasthras 3 opws kai o 1 apwlese to systhma cyjhs gegonos poy shmainei oti h monada qa prepei na diasfalisei epeigontws enan tropo gia na parasxei nero ston antidrasthra.

O kybernhtikos ekproswpos Gioykio Entano, enhmerwse oti pros to paron den mporei na apokleistei to endexomeno ekrhjhs ston antidrasthra 3 ejaitias ths sygkentrwshs ydrogonoy.

Oi Iapwnes mhxanikoi ergazontai entatika gia na apotrecoyn ena poly sobaro pyrhniko atyxhma meta to seismo twn 8,9 baqmwn.

Ston antidrasthra 1 sto pyrhniko sygkrothma sth Foykoysima texnikoi exoyn arxisei na gemizoyn to systhma me qalassino nero kai th xhmikh oysia borio, gia na apotrecoyn thjh toy pyrhna. Taytoxrona me thn paroxh neroy proxwroyn kai sthn apeleyqerwsh atmoy gia na meiwqei h qermokrasia.

H idia diadikasia akoloyqeitai kai gia ton antidrasthra 3. Symfwna me ta mesa enhmerwshs, h staqmh toy neroy gia thn cyjh exei katelqei se megalo baqmo, wste oi radienerges rabdoi toy pyrhna briskontai ekteqeimenes ews kai 3 m.

Nwris to prwi h hlektrikh etaireia Tepco enhmerwse thn Dieqnh Yphresia Atomikhs Energeias pws exei teqei ektos leitoyrgias to systhma cyjhs kai ston antidrasthra 3, kaqistwntas ton, ton ekto poy stamata afotoy synebh h seismikh donhsh.

Ta systhmata cyjhs twn antidrasthrwn ypesthsan blabh meta thn diakoph ths hlektrodothshs toys kai thn diakoph leitoyrgias twn gennhtriwn toys ej aitias toy seismoy kai toy tsoynami thn Paraskeyh.

Ekkenwsh perioxwn

Me tis piqanothtes gia ena pyrhniko atyxhma na ayjanontai shmantika oi arxes ths xwras, proxwroyn se prolhptikh ekkenwsh twn perioxwn gyrw apo to pyrhniko ergostasio.

Opws anakoinwqhke ta epipeda radienergeies jeperasan to orio asfaleias gyrw apo to pyrhniko hlektroparagwgiko ergostasio ths Tokyo Electric Power Co (Tepco) sth Foykoysima kai h etairia enhmerwse thn kybernhsh oti yparxei "katastash ektaktoy anagkhs", metedwse shmera Kyriakh to eidhseografiko praktoreio Kyodo.

An kai h etairia ektima oti den apeiloyntai amesa anqrwpines zwes, toylaxiston 170.000 anqrwpoi anagkasthkan na egkataleicoyn espeysmena tis esties toys kai metaferqhkan se aktina toylaxiston 20 xiliometrwn apo to ergostasio sth Foykoysima, opws plhroforhse h NISA thn Dieqnh Yphresia Atomikhs Energeias (IAEA) toy OHE, h opoia edreyei sth Biennh.

Oloi oi polites poy apomakrynontai apo thn perioxh elegxontai gia na diapistwqei an exoyn ekteqei sth radienergeia, enw oi arxes moirazoyn iwdio se osoys emenan konta sto ergostasio kai mporei na exoyn ekteqei. To iwdio bohqa sthn prostasia kata toy karkinoy toy qyreoeidoys.

H radienergeia stis egkatastaseis toy Foykoysima No1 metratai sta 882 mikrosibert thn wra, enw gia mikro xroniko diasthma h anwterh timh eixe fqasei sta 1.204 mikrosibert/wra, opws anakoinwse o ekproswpos ths kybernhshs Gioykio Entano. H Iapwnia exei qesei ws wriaio orio ekqeshs ta 500 mikrosibert, monadas metrhshs toy biologikoy antiktypoy ths radienergeias.

Ajiwmatoyxos ths Iapwnikhs Yphresias Pyrhnikhs kai Biomhxanikhs Asfaleias anefere oti mexri kai 160 atoma mporei na exoyn ekteqei sth radienergeia poy eklyqhke apo to pyrhniko ergostasio ths Foykoysima. Symfwna me tis plhrofories poy exoyn syllejei oi topikes arxes mexri stigmhs yparxoyn endeijeis oti exoyn ekteqei ennea atoma. Ypologizetai oti o ariqmos aytos qa ftasei apo 70 ews kai 160.

Opws metadidei to praktoreio Kionto, eidikoi sth boreioanatolikh eparxia Migiagki anakoinwsan shmera pws metrhsan epipeda radienergeias 400 fores panw apo to kanoniko orio.

Ekproswpos ths topikhs hlektrikhs etaireias Tohuku diabebaiwse pws oi antidrasthres sthn perioxh einai swoi kai ablabeis. Ta ayjhmena epipeda radienergeias metrhqhkan sthn perimetro toy pyrhnikoy staqmoy sthn Onagkaoya, wstoso pisteyetai pws h radienergeia den proerxetai apo tis egkatastaseis toy.

H radienergeia apodidetai sth diarroh poy metaferqhke me ton aera apo thn eparxia Foykoysima.

Pagkosmia anhsyxia

Thn idia wra ayjanetai h pagkosmia anhsyxia, kaqws den einai ligoi aytoi poy pisteyoyn oti h pagkosmia koinothta mporei na breqei mprosta, se mia pyrhnikh katastrofh, opws to 1986 sto Tsernompil.

Symfwna me amerikanoys eidikoys h xrhsh qalassinoy neroy gia epiteyxqei h cyjh enos pyrhnikoy antidrasthra, apotelei mia ``prajh apelpisias'', h opoia qymizei thn katastrofh sto Tsernompil.

``H katastash exei katastei toso krisimh poy, opws fainetai, den exoyn thn ikanothta na dioxeteysoyn kanoniko nero gia na cyjoyn kai na staqeropoihsoyn ton antidrasthra kai twra, mesa sthn apelpisia toys, prosfeygoyn sto qalassino nero'', ektima o Rompert Albarez, eidikos ston pyrhniko afoplismo sto Institoyto Spoydwn Politikhs Strathgikhs sthn Oyasigkton.

``Se toyto to stadio, briskomaste antimetwpoi me mia katastash paromoia me toy Tsernompil, opoy eixan arxisei na rixnoyn ammo kai tsimento'', gia na kalycoyn ton tethgmeno antidrasthra'', tonizei o Piter Mprantfornt, prwhn epikefalhs ths amerikanikhs Epitrophs Elegxoy Pyrhnikwn.

``Ean ayto synexisqei, ean den anakthqei o elegxos twn pantwn, qa perasoyme apo th merikh thjh toy pyrhna toy antidrasthra sthn plhrh thjh. Kai ayto qa shmanei olikh katastrofh'', tonizei apo thn pleyra toy o Tzozef Sirisione, epikefalhs toy Ploughshares Fund, se synenteyjh toy sto CNN.

O idios epekrine tis iapwnikes arxes gia thn paroxh elleipwn kai antifatikwn plhroforiwn gia thn katastash ston antidrasthra. Kata ton idion, h paroysia Kaisioy sthn atmosfaira, meta thn apobolh atmoy apo ton pyrhniko staqmo, epishmainei mia merikh thjh toy pyrhna toy.

``Ayto edeije stoys texnikoys pws oi rabdoi twn pyrhnikwn kaysimwn einai ekteqeimenes, pws to epipedo twn cyxrwn ydatwn exei pesei katw apo to ycos twn rabdwn kai pws aytes exoyn arxisei na brazoyn apeleyqerwnontas Kaisio'', ejhgei o idios.

H amerikanikh Epitroph Elegxoy twn Pyrhnikwn (NRC) anakoinwse oti stelnei sthn Iapwnia dyo eidikoys wste na bohqhsoyn toys Iapwnes "me kaqe dynato tropo". Sthn anakoinwsh toy o proedros ths Epitrophs, Gkregkori Giasko, shmeiwnei oti prokeitai gia eidikoys se antidrasthres zeontos ydatos kai oti metexoyn sthn apostolh ereynas kai diaswshs poy brisketai kaq' odon gia thn Iapwnia.

Kapoioi pantws speydoyn na kaqhsyxasoyn oti den milame gia ena neo Tsernompil, giati to kelyfos prostasias toy iapwnikoy staqmoy einai pio sympages.

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Sxetikes eidhseis: O seismos eplhje kai to pyrhniko ergostasio

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