[01] Isxyrh ekrhjh aktinwn gamma xtyphse th Gh ton 8o aiwna m.X.

Oi astronomoi Baleri Xamparian kai Ralf Noixaoyzer toy Institoytoy Astrofysikhs toy panepisthmioy ths Iena, ekanan th sxetikh dhmosieysh sto periodiko "Monthly Notices" ths bretanikhs Basilikhs Astronomikhs Etairias.

Perysi ton Ioynio, h kaqhghtria fysikhs Foyza Migiake toy iapwnikoy panepisthmioy Nagkogia paroysiase sto dieqnoys kyroys periodiko "Nature" stoixeia gia thn anixneysh ychlwn epipedwn twn radienergwn isotopwn anqraka-14 kai bhryllioy-10 se daktylioys dendrwn poy eixan sxhmatistei to etos 775 m.X. sto boreio hmisfairio. Ws piqanh aitia eixe protaqei oti kapoia agnwsth phgh isxyrhs aktinobolias apo to diasthma ``echse'' mia perioxh ths Ghs ekeino to etos h to prohgoymeno (774).

Ta dyo en logw isotopa sxhmatizontai otan h kosmikh aktinobolia sygkroyetai me atoma sta anwtera strwmata ths atmosfairas, paragontas netronia, ta opoia sth synexeia (sygkroyomena me isotopa azwtoy-14) diaspwntai se baryteres morfes anqraka-14 kai bhryllioy. H iapwnas fysikos eixe tote apokleisei thn piqanothta mias geitonikhs ekrhjhs spoyper-noba, epeidh den yphrxe kamia sxetikh anafora sta istorika arxeia ekeinhs ths epoxhs (opws sta kinezika) gia thn emfanish enos neoy astroy ston oyrano.

Epishs, h Foyza Migiake eixe apokleisei to senario mias entonhs hliakhs eklamchs me kateyqynsh th Gh, epeidh afenos qewrhse oti den qa eixe thn anagkaia entash gia na dhmioyrghsei thn parathroymenh yperbolikh posothta twn dyo isotopwn kai, afeteroy, epeidh pali den entopisthke kapoia sxetikh anafora gia asynhqisth drasthriothta toy Hlioy to 774-775 m.X..

Oi germanoi ereynhtes proteinoyn twra mia enallaktikh ejhghsh, yposthrizontas oti o planhths mas apotelese kata tyxh stoxo mias ekrhjhs aktinwn gamma (Gamma-Ray Burst h GRB en syntomia), h opoia proklhqhke apo th sygkroysh kai th sygxwneysh mayrwn opwn, astrwn netroniwn h astrwn ``leykwn nanwn''. Otan kapoio apo ola ayta ta fainomena lambanei xwra, tote paragei mia tromaktikh posothta energeias me thn morfh aktinwn-gamma, oi opoies apoteloyn to pio isxyro tmhma toy hlektromagnhtikoy fasmatos, opoy anhkei kai to orato fws.

Meta apo tetoies sygxwneyseis, poy parathroyntai apo toys astronomoys syxna se diaforoys galajies kai qewroyntai apo ta pio epikindyna kai en dynamei katastrofika fainomena sto sympan, h synakoloyqh ekrhjh aktinwn gamma synhqws krata to poly dyo deyterolepta, alla ejapolyei mia tromerhs energeiakhs isxyos desmh kosmikhs aktinobolias sto diasthma - kai opoion xtyphsei sto diaba ths?

An ontws stekei h ypoqesh twn germanwn ereynhtwn gia to gegonos toy 774 h 775 m.X., tote, opws ypologisan, h kosmikwn diastasewn sygxwneysh kai h synakoloyqh energeiakh ekrhjh synebh se apostash oxi mikroterh apo 3.000 eth fwtos (alla oxi megalyterh apo 12.000 eth fwtos), alliws polles morfes zwhs sth Gh qa eixan ejafanistei. An pragmati eprokeito gia ekrhjh aktinwn gamma, tote ejhgeitai h elleich anaforwn sta istorika arxeia, afoy den ejerragh kapoia qeamatikh soyper-noba ston oyrano, oyte aneflegh o Hlios mas pera apo ta fysiologiko.

Opws eipe o Noixaoyzer, ena paromoio symban shmera, akoma kai se apostash merikwn xiliadwn etwn fwtos apo ton planhth mas, qa eixe katastrecei polytima kai eyaisqhta hlektronika systhmata, opws ta doryforika, sta opoia basizetai o sygxronos politismos mas. Opws anefere, ``h proklhsh pleon einai na maqoyme poso spania einai ayta ta symbanta, dhladh me poia syxnothta tetoies ekrhjeis aktinwn gamma plhttoyn th Gh. Kata ta teleytaia 3.000 xronia, poy einai h megisth hlikia twn dentrwn poy akoma zoyn shmera, mono ena tetoio peristatiko fainetai na synebh (ston 8o aiwna)''.

[02] Thlefwnhmata gia bomba sta dikasthria ths Sxolhs Eyelpidwn

Eidikotera, agnwstos thlefwnhse stis 8.30 ston Real FM kai ena lepto argotera sth Zougla.gr kai eipe oti qa ekragei bomba sta dikasthria ths Eyelpidwn se 92 lepta.

O xronos problhmatise ths arxes, dedomenoy oti ola ta rologia metroyn 60 lepta, wstoso metebh klimakio gia ereyna.

Ligo argotera egine kai neo thlefwnhma sthn pylh twn dikasthriwn poy anefere oti qa ekragoyn bombes sto 5 kai 6 ktirio.

Ta ktiria ekkenwqhkan prolhptika kai synexizetai h ereyna twn pyrotexnoyrgwn, wstoso akoma kai o xronos twn 92 leptwn exei hdh parelqei xwris na exei symbei tipota.

[03] Apebiwse o megalyteros qrylos toy iapwnikoy soymo, se hlikia 72 etwn

O Taixo, toy opoioy to pragmatiko onoma htan Koki Nagia, htan para poly dhmofilhs th dekaetia toy 1960, se mia epoxh poy o kosmos toy soymo htan kaqaros, kaqws den eixe akomh amayrwqei apo skandala.O qanatos toy egine prwtoselido se polles efhmerides ths Iapwnias. Gia thn kaqhmerinh aqlhtikh efhmerida Nikkan Sports , ``htan o isxyroteros giokozoyma sthn istoria toy soymo''. ``Enswmatwne thn istoria toy soymo'', anefere o Tsigionofoytzi, enas allos prwhn giokozoyma o opoios kerdise ``mono'' 31 titloys.

O Taixo gennhqhke to 1940 sta nhsia Sakalin th Rwsias, otan ayta htan ypo iapwnikh katoxh, apo Oykrano patera kai Giapwneza mhtera. Meta to ntempoyto toy to 1956, kerdise to prwto toy prwtaqlhma to 1960, kai egine o neoteros palaisth toy soymo poy eftase sthn ychloterh katatajh toy giokozoyma.

[04] Paylos Matesis: Ena gnhsia anatreptiko pneyma

Opoy ki an parakoloyqhsoyme, ws pezografo, ton Matesi, stis sylloges dihghmatwn toy ``Dihghmata'' (1978) kai ``Ylh dasoys'' (1992) h sta myqistorhmata toy ``Afrodith'' (1986), ``H mhtera toy skyloy'' (1990), ``O palaios twn hmerwn'' (1994), ``Panta kala'' (1998), ``Skoteinos odhgos'' (2002), ``Myrtos'' (2004) kai ``Aldebaran'' (2007), h poreia toy epibebaiwnetai.

Sthn ``Ylh dasoys'' o syggrafeas deixnei fanera thn protimhsh toy gia thn apeikonish oriakwn katastasewn ths atomikhs h ths syllogikhs zwhs, kaqws kai gia mia mparok toixografia toy swmatikoy basanismoy h kai toy adistaktoy fonoy.

Ston ``Palaio twn Hmerwn'' kyriarxoyn to omadiko paralhrhma, h entash metajy mageias kai qrhskeias kai h ejarsh toy yperfysikoy, enw sth ``Mhtera toy skyloy'' kai ston ``Skoteino odhgo'' h ston ``Myrto'' to akraia eirwniko stil toy afhghth jhlwnei pera gia pera toys hrwes: xleyazei toys koinwnikoys periorismoys h tis fysikes anaphries toys-h anideh eparxiwtopoyla Roympinh Meskarh h Raraoy sth ``Mhtera toy skyloy'', h xwlh Myrtalh ston ``Skoteino odhgo'', ta siamaia enenhntaxrona adelfia ston ``Myrto''- akyrwnei me plhqos aprosmenes sfhnes th glwssa toys kai topoqetei th morfh toys sto plaisio mias laikhs topiografias,h opoia tonizei me ton ejwteriko-diakosmhtiko ths xarakthra eti peraiterw tis eswterikes toys antifaseis.

Kai na, aifnhs, ej oloklhroy, o Matesis: h xwlothta (proswpikh h koinwnikh) twn prwtagwnistwn, oi ekdotes mesa sthn kraygalea aqwothta toys laikes gynaikes, oi anapantexes tropes kai anatropes toy myqoy, o agrios-molonoti se deytero synhqws plano-sarkasmos toy afhghth gia ta paqhmata twn prwtagwnistwn, h adrothta twn erwtikwn syneyresewn, oi karikatoyres twn bohqhtikwn proswpwn, h paigniwdhs synomilia me laika afhghmatika eidh, opws to romantzo h oi bioi agiwn, alla kai to gkrotesko ths drashs, mesa se parajena zwgrafismenoys kai fwtismenoys xwroys.

Koryfaia paradeigmata einai edw h ``Mhtera toy skyloy'', o ``Myrtos'' kai o ``Skoteinos odhgos'', opoy o syggrafeas petyxainei ton stoxo toy me thn oloklhrwtikh arnhsh toy realismoy kai ths alhqofaneias, ekfrazontas enan entona epiqetiko kagxasmo, poy agwnizetai apegnwsmena na krycei to marazi kai to drama toy - to drama kai to marazi mias pragmatikothtas poy teinei na katarghsei h exei hdh katarghsei oles tis zwtikes ths shmasies.

Stelnontas peripato th sobarofaneia toy mellontologikoy myqistorhmatos, toso sto epipedo ths politikhs allhgorias oso kai sto epipedo ths episthmonikhs fantasias, o Matesis qelei na emfyshsei sth mayrh kwmwdia toy ena entelws diaforetiko pneyma: ena pneyma satirikhs qeodikias. O Matesis enorxhstrwnei sto kykneio asma ths pezografias toy tis pio asxetes kai atairiastes metajy toys figoyres prokeimenoy na tinajei ston aera politikes pisteis, ideologika oramata, qrhskeytikes pepoiqhseis kai laikes dojasies, sxhmatizontas enan ws ej orismoy paralyto, paraithmeno kai nikhmeno kosmo: ton kosmo poy diakrinoyme kaqe toso trigyrw mas,xwris na tolmame na ton omologhsoyme h na ton paradextoyme.

[05] Ebgalan kai ektypwth ...nyxiwn!

Prokeitai gia mia syskeyh, poy epejergazetai fwtografies kai eikones, tis opoies sth synexeia ajiopoiei gia na ``kalycei'' tis epifaneies twn nyxiwn sta xeria.

H diadikasia ``ektypwshs'' diarkei molis 10 deyterolepta. H prwtotyph syskeyh wstoso kostizei, oyte ligo oyte poly, 10.000 dolaria.

[06] Kai nees meletes bgazoyn "enoxes" tzakia kai sompes gia thn ygeia mas

Einai h prwth meleth poy ektimhse tis epiptwseis sth qnhsimothta apo th meiwsh ths kayshs jylwn kai allhs biomazas gia th qermansh h to mageirema sta spitia.

Oi ereynhtes symperanan oti oi qanatoi andrwn apo kaqe piqanh aitia (idiws omws apo kardiaggeiakh h anapneystikh) qa mporoysan na meiwqoyn shmantika, an epitygxanotan mia meiwsh ston kapno poy eklyetai sthn atmosfaira apo to kacimo twn jylwn kai twn synafwn ylikwn.

Parolo poy exoyn ginei polles meletes gia tis synepeies ths rypanshs toy aera sthn ygeia twn anqrwpwn, sxedon kaqoloy meletes den eixan ews twra anaferei meiwseis sth qnhsimothta apo parembaseis prokeimenoy na meiwqei h periballontikh rypansh logw ths kayshs biomazas.

[07] Nekros breqhke kynhgos sthn Arxipolh ths Rodoy

Sto shmeio metebh amesws iatrodikasths gia aytocia kai dietaxqh iatrodikastikh ejetash. Proanakrish gia tis synqhkes traymatismoy dienergei to astynomiko tmhma Arxaggelloy.

[08] Tragikos qanatos 33xronoy ergath sthn Krhth

O 33xronos, poy phgaine na rabdisei elies, epese apo thn karotsa toy aytokinhtoy, katw apo adieykrinistes synqhkes, me apotelesma na brei tragiko qanato.

[09] Mataiwqhkan panw apo 200 pthseis apo kai pros to aerodromio ths Fragkfoyrths

H idia ekproswpos prosqese oti xqes, synolika 445 pthseis mataiwqhkan apo kai pros to aerodromio ths Fragkfoyrths ejaitias ths pagwmenhs broxhs poy arxise na peftei apo to apogeyma dhmioyrgwntas pago panw sta aeroskafh.

H kinhsh sto aerodromio poy arxika pragmatopoihqhke epibradymenh, diekoph meta tis 15:40 wra Gkrhnoyits ws to brady. Oi pthseis arxisan na ekteloyntai sth synexeia proodeytika.

Polla aeroskafh poy eprokeito na prosgeiwqoyn sth Fragfkoyrth kateyqynqhkan se alla aerodromia, synepws den mporoyn na anaxwrhsoyn apo to aerodromio oi pthseis poy eixan programmatistei gia shmera to prwi.

Epimeleia: K. Leytakh

[10] Stoxos twn gallikwn dynamewn sto Mali h plhrhs anakatalhch ths xwras

H omada twn tzixantistwn poy organwse thn epiqesh kata twn egkatastasewn toy fysikoy aerioy sthn erhmo ths Algerias, yposxeqhke "nees epixeirhseis enantion olwn twn xwrwn poy symmetexoyn sthn stayroforia" sto Mali, me anakoinwsh poy anarthqhke se istoselida ths Mayritanias. "Ypenqymizoyme stoys adelfoys mas moysoylmanoys thn anagkh na krathqoyn makria apo egkatastaseis jenwn etaireiwn, kyriws gallikwn, gia na prostateysoyn th zwh toys", anaferetai sthn anakoinwsh ths omadas twn maxhtwn toy Algerinoy Moxtar Mpelmoxtar, prwhn stelexoys toy Aqmi.

Sth Gallia, o ypoyrgos Amynas Zan-Ib Le Ntrian dhlwse xqes oti "stoxos einai h plhrhs anakatalhch toy Mali. den qa afhsoyme qylakes" antistashs, prosqetontas oti elpizei pws h afrikanikh stratiwtikh dynamh poy anaptyssetai sth xwra qa antikastasthsei syntoma tis dynameis ths gallikhs epembashs. O gallos ypoyrgos Amynas edwse sto thleoptiko diktyo TV5 th diabebaiwsh oti oi epta galloi omhroi sto Saxel einai zwntanoi, ligh wra meta th synanthsh twn oikogeneiwn toys me ton proedro Fransoya Olant.

Sto metajy epi toy pedioy, oi gallikes dynameis enteinoyn tis epixeirhseis se synergasia me tis ftwxa ejoplismenes stratiwtikes dynameis toy Mali. Galloi kai malinezoi stratiwtes kateyqynontai pros thn polh Ntiampali, sto dytiko Mali, h opoia katelhfqh prin apo mia ebdomada apo tis dynameis twn islamistwn kai sth synexeia egkataleifqhke en merei stis 17 Ianoyarioy, meta tis epidromes ths gallikhs aeroporias.

Falagga teqwrakismenwn oxhmatwn anaxwrhse ta xaramata apo thn polh Niono, 350 boreiodytika toy Mpamako, sthn opoia eixan anaptyxqei xqes oi gallikes dynameis, me kateyqynsh thn polh Ntiampali. Oi dynameis ths gallikhs epembashs prowqhqhkan epishs xqes pros thn polh Sebare, 630 xiliometra boreio-anatolika toy Mpamako, h opoia diaqetei aerodromio kai einai strathgikhs shmasias, kaqws mporei na apotelesei th bash gia tis epixeirhseis pros Borran.

[11] Eftasan sthn Toyrkia oi germanikoi pyrayloi Patriot

"Oi germanikoi Patriot eftasan mesw qalasshs shmera to prwi sto limani toy Iskenteroyn (Alejandretta, eparxia Xatai)", dhlwse NATOikh phgh.

Deytero ploio me dyo systoixies ollandikoys Patriot brisketai anoikta toy Iskenteroyn, dieykrinise h idia phgh.

Symfwna me apofash toy NATO, h Germania, h Ollandia kai oi HPA problepetai na egkatasthsoyn sthn Toyrkia dyo monades Patriot kai ws 350 h kaqe mia xwra.Eji systoixies qa briskontai se epixeirhsiakh etoimothta ws tis arxes Febroyarioy sta Adana, sto Maras kai to Gkaziantep ths notioanatolikhs Toyrkias, sta synora me th Syria.

Oamerikanikos stratos exei hdh steilei apo tis arxes Ianoyarioy ejoplismo kai stratiwtes sthn perioxh, sto plaisio ths apostolhs ayths.

Oi pyrayloi Patriot edafoys-aeros PAC 3 mporoyn na plhjoyn sto aera taktikoys ballistikoys pyrayloys, pyrayloys Kroyz h aeroskafh. Idioi pyrayloi exoyn anaptyxqei dyo fores sthn Toyrkia: to 1991 sth diarkeia toy polemoy ston Kolpo kai to 2003 ston polemo kata toy Irak.

H Agkyra exei zhthsei thn anaptyjh twn pyraylwn meta tis epiqeseis me syriakes obides enantion toyrkikwn perioxwn konta sta synora twn dyo xwrwn, sta telh toy 2012.

Oi toyrkikes arxes opws kai to NATO exoyn ypogrammisei polles fores ton kaqara amyntiko xarakthra ths anaptyjhs twn pyraylwn, thn opoia exei epikrinei to kaqestws ths Damaskoy kai h Rwsia.

Epimeleia: M. Farakoy

[12] Synexizetai h antiparaqesh kybernhshs - antipoliteyshs sthn PGDM

O synaspismos ths antipoliteyshs ypo th ``Sosialdhmokratikh Enwsh'' (SDSM) toy Mpranko Tserbenkofski synexizei tis antikybernhtikes diadhlwseis kai apo shmera jekinaei hmiwroys apokleismoys,to meshmeri, se tria shmeia ths polhs twn Skopiwn. Oles tis prohgoymenes hmeres, h antipoliteysh apekleie, gia mish wra, ena shmeio ths polhs.

Sto metajy, oi armodies arxes proxwroyn kanonika me tis proetoimasies gia th diejagwgh twn dhmotikwn eklogwn, stis 24 Martioy, kai o proedros ths Boylhs ths PGDM Traiko Belianofski apesteile epistoles pros toys proedroys ths Koinoboyleytikhs Syneleyshs toy OASE, toy Eyrwpaikoy Koinoboylioy, ths Koinoboyleytikhs Syneleyshs toy Symboylioy ths Eyrwphs kai ths Koinoboyleytikhs Syneleyshs toy NATO wste na steiloyn parathrhtes gia thn epithrhsh twn dhmotikwn eklogwn.

Telos,o prwqypoyrgos ths PGDM Nikola Gkroyefski ejefrase amfibolies sxetika me tis apeiles ths antipoliteyshs gia apoxh apo tis dhmotikes ekloges, legontas oti oi plhrofories poy fqanoyn einai pws h antipoliteysh brisketai se etoimothta gia tis ekloges aytes kai oi ypochfioi ths synexizoyn thn proeklogikh toys ekstrateia.

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