[01] Ellhnes anazhtoyn toys krymmenoys qhsayroys toy Irak

Ta melh omadas episthmonwn apo to Panepisthmio Aqhnwn, epeita apo symfwnies poy ypografhkan toso me tis koyrdikes arxes oso kai me tis antistoixes ths kentrikhs kybernhshs ths Bagdaths, tajidecan mexri to Ermpil, prwteyoysa ths Koyrdikhs Perifereias sto Boreio Irak, gia na ereynhsoyn mia apo tis shmantikoteres, apo istorikh apoch, perioxes ston kosmo: th Mesopotamia, to meros opoy ``gennhqhkan'' h gewrgia, h grafh, ta astika kentra, me alla logia o politismos.

To APE-MPE synanthse ton epikefalhs ths arxaiologikhs omadas, lektora toy Panepisthmioy Aqhnwn me eidikeysh sthn arxaiologia sthn Eggys Anatolhs, Kwnstantino Kopania, kai milhse mazi toy gia th shmasia twn ereynwn aytwn toso gia thn Ellada oso kai gia thn episthmh ths arxaiologias en genei.

``To Boreio Irak, poy einai oysiastika h Boreioanatolikh Mesopotamia, brisketai entos ths legomenhs eyforhs hmiselhnoy, opoy to ethsio epipedo broxoptwsewn eparkoyse gia na kallierghqoyn sithra kai dhmhtriaka xwris th bohqeia ardeytikwn ergwn. Gi ayto kai eikazetai oti edw anaptyxqhke gia prwth fora h gewrgia. Enas topos poy gia mas toys arxaiologoys exei poly megalo endiaferon'', ejhgei o k. Kopanias.

H topoqesia Tel Nanter brisketai oysiastika entos twn oriwn ths polhs toy Ermpil. Exei diametro 100 m. kai ycos 5 m. peripoy, einai dhladh mia qesh mesaioy megeqoys. ``H shmasia ths den egkeitai sto megeqos ths, alla sthn arxaiothta twn eyrhmatwn ths. Gi ayto kai thn epilejame. Einai mia apo tis arxaioteres gnwstes qeseis se olh th BA Mesopotamia, kaqws ta palaiotera mexri twra eyrhmata anhkoyn sthn 6h xilietia. H xrhsh ths prepei na synexisthke ews thn prwimh 1h xilietia. Dhladh, exoyme mia megalh periodo xrhshs toy xwroy kai elpizoyme oti h qesh ayth qa mas prosferei mia adiatarakth strwmatografia'', dieykrinizei kai prosqetei: ``H strwmatografia ths anaskafhs qa epitrecei thn asfalh xronologhsh twn eyrhmatwn kai qa apotelesei shmeio anaforas gia mellontikes anaskafes, alla kai gia palaioteres poy den eixan ginei me analogo systhmatiko tropo''.

H anaskafh brisketai akoma se arxiko stadio, wstoso ta ews twra apotelesmata kentrizoyn to endiaferon. Mia apo tis treis phlines kyklikes kataskeyes einai ena apo ayta ta eyrhmata. Arxika htan foyrnos, sth synexeia omws xrhsimopoihqhke gia thn tafh mias gynaikas, o skeletos ths opoias problhmatise idiaitera thn apostolh. ``Breqhke se synestalmenh stash, opws synhqizotan, alla o anw kormos kai to proswpo ths htan strammena pros to xwma. Sthn arxh nomizame oti to swma phre aythn thn parajenh stash kata thn aposynqesh toy, wstoso h anqrwpologos, Dr. Seri Foj, poy melethse ton skeleto, bebaiwnei oti topoqethqhke etsi ekoysia'', tonizei o k. Kopanias.

Oi anaskafes, poy jekinhsan ton perasmeno Aprilio, eginan se synergasia me akadhmaika kai ereynhtika idrymata, opws thn Amerikanikh Sxolh Klasikwn Sxolwn sthn Aqhna, ta Panepisthmia ths Xale sth Germania, toy Sefilnt, ths Ojfordhs, toy Edimboyrgoy, toy Ntaram sth Bretania. Oi perissoteroi ereynhtes htan Ellhnes.

H apostolh exei parei adeia kai gia allh mia anaskafh, poy brisketai peripoy 28 xlm. notiodytika toy Ermpil, sto Tel Mpakrta, mia poly megalh qesh, poy jeperna se diametro ta 220 m. kai se ycos ta 20 m. ``Prokeitai oysiastika gia mikrh polh. Einai qesh poly ploysia se eyrhmata, gemath keramikh. Ta epifaneiaka eyrhmata deixnoyn oti exei katoikhqei apo th xalkoliqikh periodo, toylaxiston apo thn 5h xilietia ews kai thn islamikh periodo, me periodo akmhs mallon ta neoassyriaka xronia, dhladh ton 10o me 7o aiwna p. X.. Profanws apotelese shmantiko emporiko kentro kai stratiwtiko staqmo, giati brisketai panw se kombiko dromo poy enwnei ta 'Arbhla, prwteyoysa ths perioxhs, me thn kentrikh kai notia Mesopotamia. Akoma kai shmera apo ekei pernaei o dromos'', ejhgei o k. Kopanias.

[02] H molynsh ths atmosfairas, h megalyterh periballontikh apeilh gia thn Eyrwph

Mia nea meleth, me epikefalhs ton kaqhghth Mpertil Forsmpergk, toy panepisthmioy Oymea ths Soyhdias, h opoia apotelei meros toy eyryteroy programmatos Climate-TRAP kai paroysiasthke sto ethsio synedrio ths Eyrwpaikhs Anapneystikhs Etaireias sto Amsterntam, problepei oti se xwres opws h Portogalia, h Ispania, h Gallia kai to Belgio, qa yparjei analogika h megalyterh ayjhsh tetoioy eidoys qanatwn. Stoxos ths meleths einai na proetoimasei tis eyrwpaikes ygeionomikes arxes gia tis anamenomenes metaboles sth dhmosia ygeia, logw ths klimatikhs allaghs.

Symfwna me ton Pagkosmio Organismo Ygeias, h metabolh toy klimatos poy exei labei xwra meta th dekaetia toy '70, prokalei panw apo 140.000 prosqetoys qanatoys ethsiws. Pera apo tis epiptwseis gia thn poiothta toy aera kai toy posimoy neroy, kaqws kai tis synepeies gia tis gewrgikes kalliergeies, arketes qanathfores asqeneies, opws h elonosia kai oses prokaloyn diarroia, einai idiaitera eyaisqhtes sthn klimatikh allagh.

H nea ereyna xrhsimopoihse klimatologika montela kai senaria problechs, gia na prosomoiwsei se poio baqmo ta epipeda toy ozontos mporei na ephreastoyn apo tis klimatikes allages kai poies mporei na einai oi epiptwseis gia thn anqrwpinh ygeia. Symfwna me tis ektimhseis, meta to 1961 se xwres opws h Bretania, h Ollandia, h Irlandia kai to Belgio, exoyn shmeiwqei oi perissoteroi prosqetoi qanatoi sxetizomenoi me to ozon logw ths klimatikhs allaghs kai ths anodoy ths qermokrasias.

Ta montela problepoyn oti ews to 2060 oi perissoteroi qanatoi aytoy toy eidoys (ayjhsh 10-14%) qa shmeiwqoyn sthn Ispania, thn Portogalia, th Gallia kai to Belgio, enw antiqeta oi skandinabikes kai oi baltikes xwres qa shmeiwsoyn meiwsh qanatwn poy sxetizontai me to ozon kai thn klimatikh allagh.

To ozon einai ena "diproswpo" aerio. Otan brisketai chla sth stratosfaira, dhmioyrgei ena prostateytiko strwma poy empodizei thn yperiwdh aktinobolia na fqasei sthn epifaneia toy planhth mas. Otan, omws, to ozon brisketai pio xamhla sth gh, tote einai mia rypantikh oysia poy dra san "aerio toy qermokhpioy", symballontas sthn anodo ths qermokrasias.

Apo thn allh, an kaneis eispneysei to ozon se ayjhmenes posothtes, ayto leitoyrgei ws ojeidwtikh oysia poy plhttei to anapneystiko systhma, prokalwntas pono sto sthqos, bhxa, ereqismo toy laimoy kai aisqhma asfyjias. Mporei na epideinwsei katastaseis opws h brogxitida, to emfyshma kai to asqma, kaqws epishs na meiwsei th genikoterh leitoyrgikothta twn pneymonwn.

H rypansh apo ozon dhmioyrgeitai otan h hliakh aktinobolia epidra me orismenes xhmikes oysies, opws ta ojeidia toy azwtoy kai oi organikes pthtikes oysies. H ayjhsh ths qermokrasias logw ths klimatikhs allaghs mporei na enteinei aytes tis fwtoxhmikes antidraseis, me synepeia oi qermoteres hmeres na sxetizontai me ychlotera epipeda ozontos.

[03] O Soimple apokleiei to endexomeno na ayjhqoyn oi germanikes eggyhseis ston EFSF

"To Tameio exei ena plafon 440 disekatommyriwn eyrw, ta 211 apo ayta antistoixoyn sthn Germania. Ayto einai olo. Telos. Me ejairesh toys tokoys poy qa prosteqoyn", tonise o Soimple se synenteyjh toy sto periodiko "Super-Illu".

H symmetoxh ths Germanias pros ton Eyrwpaiko Mhxanismo Staqerothtas poy qa antikatasthsei to ETXS to argotero ws to 2013 qa einai symfwna me ton Soimple ligotero shmantikh.

"Den yparxei loipon allo qema peran twn xrhmatwn gia ta opoia exoyme eggyhqei", prosqese o germanos ypoyrgos Oikonomikwn.

Apo thn pleyra toy o germanos ypoyrgos Ejwterikwn Gkinto Besterbele qewrei oti ta krath poy antimetwpizoyn thn megalyterh krish xreoys qa prepei na teqoyn ypo stenh epithrhsh.

[04] Deyteros isxyros tyfwnas plhttei tis Filippines se mia ebdomada

H metewrologikh yphresia ths xwras ths Asias anefere oti o tyfwnas Nalgae, me staqeroys anemoys taxythtas 160 xiliometrwn thn wra kai ripes megisths taxythtas 195 x.a.w., plhttei hdh tis aktes twn eparxiwn Isabela kai Orora, opoy shmeiwnontai sfodres broxoptwseis.

H eparxia Isabela kai arketes alles, perilambanomenhs ths Manilas, ypesthsan megala plhgmata nwritera ayth thn ebdomada apo ton tyfwna Nesat, o opoios stoixise th zwh se toylaxiston 50 anqrwpoys. Toylaxiston 31 akoma agnooyntai.

H yphresia politikhs prostasias anefere oti oi zhmies stis ypodomes kai stis kalliergeies apo ton prohgoymeno tyfwna anerxontai se toylaxiston 5,97 dis. pesos (99,7 ekat. eyrw).

Toylaxiston treis eparxies paramenoyn plhmmyrismenes ej aitias toy Nesat, me to nero na brisketai sta dyo metra se orismenes perioxes kai toylaxiston 1 ekat. plhgentes.

[05] Ston teliko toy dieqnoys toyrnoya tenis ths Koyala Loympoyr o Pagdaths

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