[01] Syskech toy SYN gia thn Ygeia

``Oi elleiceis noshleytikoy proswpikoy, oi elleiceis emcyxoy dynamikoy einai to kyrio xarakthristiko se ola ta dhmosia nosokomeia. H synexizomenh apajiwsh toy ESY kai twn dhmosiwn nosokomeiwn exei odhghsei thn katastash sto aproxwrhto", dhlwse o k.Tsipras o opoios episkefqhke xqes to nosokomeio toy Boloy.

To noshleytiko proswpiko, oi ergazomenoi diekdikoyn ton aytonohto. Diekdikoyn synqhkes ergasias me penqhmero, me 8wro. Diekdikoyn na mhn doyleyoyn 7 hmeres thn ebdomada kai na pairnoyn ta repo toys, anefere.

Blepoyme ekatontades neoys anqrwpoys mesa sto nosokomeio kai se qeseis noshleytikoy kai dioikhtikoy proswpikoy na ergazontai sta programmata stage, mishs doyleias, mishs zwhs, xwris asfalish, pragma to opoio einai aparadekto kai kapoia stigmh prepei na stamathsei, ypogrammise o k. Tsipras.

Gi aytoys toys anqrwpoys ajizei na agwnistoyme, na staqoyme sto pleyro toys, na diekdikhsoyme mia allh prooptikh gia ton topo. Giati ayth h xwra poy trwei apo tis sarkes ths, h xwra poy trwei ta paidia ths einai h xwra poy den mas ajizei, ypogrammise.

[02] "To xeirografo toy Mixahl"

To Mesaiwniko Rodo, se mia prospaqeia gia thn anadeijh ths istorias kai toy politismoy mas, diorganwnei gia 2h synexh xronia, ena akoma shmantiko mesaiwniko symposio, afierwmeno sth Nayphgikh Texnh poy xanetai.

``Eis to onoma toy Patros, egw, o Mixahl ths Rodoy, qa gracw parakatw gia thn epoxh poy hrqa sth Benetia. Htan 5 Ioynioy toy 1401''.

Etsi jekinaei to xeirografo toy o Michale da Ruodo, opws synhqize na ypografei to ergo toy, o jexwristos aytos anqrwpos, gia na afhsei pisw toy thn palaioterh kai ektenesterh pragmateia poy yparxei pagkosmiws gia th nayphgikh texnh: Tetrakosies selides grammenes idioxeirws, me spanies plhrofories gia thn astrologia, me sxedia kai sxolia kaqws kai ta maqhmatika poy xrhsimopoioysan ekeinh thn epoxh, sth naysiploia. Plhrofories gia th zwh twn naytikwn ths epoxhs kai stoixeia gia thn koinwnia kai ton politismo, apo enan idiaiterhs eyfyias anqrwpo.

O Mixahl prepei na gennhqhke sth Rodo gyrw sto 1385 kai se hlikia 16 etwn katetagh sto Benetiko stolo ws kwphlaths. De gnwrizoyme perissotera gia thn katagwgh toy, alla mallon prokeitai gia enan ftwxo, alla filodojo Ellhna paroiko h akoma kai doylo, poy anazhthse mia kalyterh tyxh sto stolo ths Benetias. Ayto htan kati poly synhqismeno sto nhsi ekeinh thn periodo, kaqws eixe anaptygmeno to emporio kai tis sxeseis me th Benetia. Ayto omws poy diaforopoiei to Mixahl, einai oti katorqwse, mesa stis epomenes tesseris dekaeties, na anarrixhqei apo thn esxath ayth qesh toy kwphlath kai na katalabei to anwtato ajiwma poy qa mporoyse na exei enas mh eygenhs ekeinh thn epoxh kai malista oxi Benetos, dhladh na exei thn epiblech kai th frontida oloklhroy toy plhrwmatos toy ploioy.

Mesa se ayto to xroniko diasthma, o Rodios neos epleyse me polla polemika ploia kai ezhse megales qalassies, aimathres symplokes, apo tis opoies katafere na epibiwsei. Eide na kynhgoyn peirates stis qalasses, na epitiqentai se poleis kai na kanoyn tromeres maxes.

Argotera metaphdhse sto emporiko naytiko kai fainetai na janaepiskefthke th Rodo to 1423, otan phgaine me kapoio emporiko ploio sthn Alejandreia kai to 1440, phgainontas pros Bhryto, afoy synodeyse to Byzantino Aytokratora sthn Kwnstantinoypolh.

O Mixahl ths Rodoy prepei na pantreythke treis fores kai na ezhse mexri to 1445, opote peqane se hlikia peripoy 60 etwn, ftwxos kai arrwstos.

TO XEIROGRAFO

To xeirografo toy Mixahl ths Rodoy briskotan sthn afaneia gia 400 xronia mexri poy emfanisthke to 1966 kai jana to 2000, otan paraxwrhqhke gia meleth sto Institoyto Istorias ths Episthmhs kai Texnologias toy Ntimpner. Stoxos ths meleths toy xeirografoy toy Mixahl ths Rodoy, poy anelabe to Institoyto toy Ntipner, einai na dhmosiopoihsei, gia prwth fora, to periexomeno toy sto eyrytero koino, stoys foithtes kai melethtes, mesa apo to Diadiktyo kai na dhmosieysei thn ekdosh ths episthmonikhs meleths toy xeirografoy.

Ayto poy kanei shmantiko to ergo toy Mixahl einai h katagrafh twn stoixeiwn poy paraqetei, kaqws sto synolo toys apoteloyn thn palaioterh, oloklhrwmenh meleth poy exei ginei pagkosmiws, sxetika me th nayphgikh texnh kai th naysiploia. Prin apo to xeirografo yphrxan mono apospasmatikes h epidermikes anafores sto qema. Sthn Ellada malista, elaxistes einai oi anafores poy ginontai sth nayphgikh texnh prin apo to 18o aiwna.

To ergo toy mesaiwnikoy sympatriwth mas, synolika 200 selidwn, arxise na grafetai to 1434 kai afoy oloklhrwqhke, perase meta to qanato toy apo polloys melethtes kai syllektes paliwn xeirografwn, gia na katalhjei telika, meta apo pleisthriasmo poy egine sto Londino, sthn idiokthsia toy institoytoy toy Dibner sto Cambridge ths Massaxoyseths. To institoyto sygkrothse thn episthmonikh omada h opoia anelabe na ejetasei ayto to shmantiko klhronomhma, ta teleytaia 5 xronia. Shmera, to xeirografo filojeneitai sto Institoyto kai Moyseio ths Istorias ths Episthmhs sth Flwrentia ths Italias.

H meleth toy ergoy xrhmatodothqhke, se megalo pososto, apo to Eqniko Idryma Episthmhs kai to Eqniko Idryma Xrhmatodothshs Klassikwn Meletwn opws kai apo polla alla idrymata.

Ennea diakekrimenoi episthmones, apo diaforetikes xwres toy kosmoy, jekinhsan th meleth toy ergoy toy Mixahl apo to 2003 kai epejergasthkan ta qemata poy kalyptei to xeirografo. Didaktores kai ereynhtes sto xwro ths istorias, ths arxaiologias, ths mesaiwnikhs texnhs, ths naytikhs texnhs kai naysiploias, ths nomismatologias, twn qetikwn episthmwn, melethtes xartwn, ajiologoi palaiografoi kai eidikoi sth mesaiwnikh xronologia kai iatrikh, apo xwres opws: oi HPA, o Kanadas, h Germania, h Italia kai h Benetia.

Oi epikefaleis ths omadas, kai proskalesmenoi toy Mesaiwnikoy Rodoy, einai h Dr. Pamela O. Longk, anejarthth episthmonas kai syggrafeas, brabeyqeisa se qemata episthmhs kai texnologias toy Mesaiwna kai ths Anagennhshs kai o Dr. Alan M. Stal, ajiologos istorikos apo th Benetia, dieyqynths Nomismatologias sto Panepisthmio toy Prinston.

H meleth poy pragmatopoihqhke sto polyselido ayto ergo, qa odhghsei sthn episthmonikh ekdosh toy periexomenoy toy xeirografoy, kai qa dhmosieyqei to 2009 se synergasia me ton ekdotiko oiko MIT PRESS toy koryfaioy Panepisthmioy twn episthmwn stis HPA. H ekdosh toy polytomoy ergoy qa perilambanei to akribes antigrafo, th metafrash toy kai episthmonika sxolia, kaqws epishs kai keimena poy qa anaferontai sto proswpo toy Mixahl, sto xeirografo toy kai se qemata poy o idios qewroyse shmantika ekeinh thn epoxh.

H paroysiash toy pio shmantikoy mesaiwnikoy xeirografoy, poy hrqe sthn epifaneia edw kai para polla xronia, qa ginei apo dyo diakekrimenoys episthmones poy to melethsan, thn Dra. Pamela O. Longk, kai ton Dr. Alan M. Stal kai h omilia toys qa exei qema: ``Mixahl ths Rodoy: Enas naytikos toy 15oy aiwna kai to biblio toy''

Tis eishghseis twn dyo ereynhtwn qa plaisiwsoyn ejisoy diakekrimenoi episthmones apo th Rodo, dinontas mas mia pio oloklhrwmenh eikona gia thn epoxh, eidika se sxesh me th zwh sto limani kai th qalassa.

[03] Sto ryqmo ths Eurovision

Th xwra mas qa ekproswphsei h Kalomoira me to tragoydi Secret Combination se synqesh toy Kwnstantinoy Pantzh kai stixoys toy Poseidwna Giannopoyloy.H Ellada qa emfanistei sthn 21h qesh, se synolo 25 xwrwn.

Qa plaisiwnetai sta fwnhtika apo thn Biktwria Xalkith kai ton Nektario Gewrgiadh- enw h idia kai oi xoreytes qa ektelesoyn th synqeth xorografia poy synodeyei to kommati.

To skhniko ths ellhnikhs symmetoxhs epimelhqhke o Hlias Ledakhs, th xorografia o Tzoyliano kai h kallitexnikh epimeleia einai toy Kwsta Kapetanidh.

Oi xwres poy prokriqhkan stoys dyo hmitelikoys kai qa laboyn meros ston teliko einai h Roymania, Bosnia-Erzegobinh, Finlandia, Rwsia, Israhl, Azermpaitzan, Armenia, Polwnia, Norbhgia, Oykrania, Kroatia, Albania, Islandia, Gewrgia, Dania, Soyhdia, Letonia, Toyrkia, Portogalia. Ektos telikoy breqhke h Kypros, poy den prokriqhke sto b'hmiteliko.

Pente xwres, h Serbia (ws diorganwtria), h Germania, h Ispania, h Gallia kai h Bretania perasan ston teliko apeyqeias.

[04] "Atyxeis" dhlwseis ths Xilari

"O syzygos moy Mpil Klinton den eixe ejasfalisei to xrisma to 1992 ews otoy kerdisei tis prokrimatikes ths Kalifornias pros ta mesa Ioynioy, etsi den einai; Qymomaste panta th dolofonia toy Mpompi Kenenti ton Ioynio sthn Kalifornia", eipe h Klinton sth diarkeia syzhthshs me dhmosiografoys ths Sioux Falls Argues Leader, mias efhmeridas ths Notias Ntakota (boreies HPA).

O Rompert Kenenti, adelfos toy proedroy poy eixe epishs skotwqei apo pyrobolismoys, dolofonhqhke stis 5 Ioynioy 1968 enw diekdikoyse to xrisma twn Dhmokratikwn.

H Klinton hqele na pei pws h anametrhsh gia ton ypochfio twn Dhmokratikwn mporei na mhn exei anadeijei nikhth prin apo ton Ioynio, alla h anafora ston Rompert Kenenti prokalese kataplhjh kai orgh sto stratopedo toy antipaloy ths Mparak Ompama.

Ekeinos o opoios mporei na ginei o prwtos mayros proedros twn Hnwmenwn Politeiwn brisketai ypo thn prostasia twn astynomikwn ths Mystikhs Yphresias, toy omospondiakoy grafeioy poy einai epifortismeno me thn prostasia twn proswpikothtwn, apo thn arxh ths proeklogikhs estrateias toy. Oi opadoi toy exoyn anaferqei polles fores sto fobo toys oti o geroysiasths toy Ilinoi mporei na dolofonhqei opws o Rompert Kenenti h o pastoras Martin Loyqer Kingk, ton Aprilio toy 1968.

H Klinton zhthse syggnwmh diabebaiwnontas se anakoinwqen poy ejedwse pws den eixe skopo na fanei "prosblhtikh" kai pws proseyxetai gia thn oikogeneia Kenenti. O geroysiasths Entoyarnt Kenenti, mikroteros adelfos toy Tzon kai toy Rompert Kenenti, diagnwsthke aythn thn ebdomada oti pasxei apo karkino ston egkefalo.

"Lypamai ean oi anafores moy se ayth th dramatikh stigmh ths istorias mas, idiaitera gia thn oikogeneia Kenenti, plhgwsan kapoion opoios ki an einai aytos", eipe o Klinton.

Eipe epishs gia na dikaiologhqei pws eixe anastatwqei ayth thn ebdomada apo tis eidhseis gia thn ygeia toy Entoyarnt Kenenti kai oti anakalese polles fores sth mnhmh ths to onoma twn Kenenti.

Wstoso, to periodiko Taim ypenqymise sthn istoselida toy pws h geroysiasths ths Neas Yorkhs eixe xrhsimopoihsei sxedon ta idia logia se mia dhmosia synomilia me to periodiko stis 6 Martioy.

Otan rwthqhke ean kata th gnwmh ths oi makres prokrimatikes ekloges den eprokeito na blacoyn to Dhmokratiko Komma h Klinton apanthse: "Qymomaste oloi ayth th megalh tragwdia otan dolofonhqhke o Mpomp Kenenti. O syzygos moy den eixe ejasfalisei to xrisma to 1992 para ton Ioynio. To na exeis mia koyrsa gia to xrisma poy diarkei ews ton Ioynio den einai kaqoloy asynhqisto".

"H dikaiologia ths k. Klinton shmera einai pws oi Kenenti apasxolhsan poly to pneyma ths tis teleytaies hmeres ejaitias ths arrwstias toy Entoyarnt Kenenti, alla ayto den ejhgei giati to eixe sto myalo ths edw kai perissoteroys apo dyo mhnes", sxoliase h dhmosiografos toy Taim Karen Tamalti.

O ekproswpos toy Mparak Ompama, Mpil Mperton, katadikase tis "atyxeis" dhlwseis ths Klinton, legontas pws "den exoyn qesh sthn proeklogikh ekstrateia".

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