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RFE/RL Newsline, Vol. 3, No. 147, 99-07-30

Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: Newsline Directory - Previous Article - Next Article

From: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty <http://www.rferl.org>

RFE/RL NEWSLINE

Vol. 3, No. 147, 30 July 1999


CONTENTS

[A] TRANSCAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA

  • [01] NAKHICHEVAN OFFICIAL SAYS AZERBAIJANI OPPOSITION SPREADING
  • [02] AZERBAIJANI OPPOSITION PROTESTS ALLEGED ELECTION LAW CHANGES
  • [03] RUSSIAN INTERIOR MINISTER IN TBILISI
  • [04] GEORGIAN PRESIDENT SUGGESTS POSTPONING RELIGIOUS ARTIFACT
  • [05] BP AMOCO TO QUIT KAZAKH PROJECT
  • [06] KAZAKHSTAN DISCUSSES PURCHASE OF TURKMEN NATURAL GAS
  • [07] KYRGYZ LEADERS DISCUSS CORRUPTION, ECONOMY
  • [08] KYRGYZSTAN VALUES DEFENSE COOPERATION WITH RUSSIA, CIS

  • [B] SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

  • [09] CROATIAN GOVERNMENT REJECTS HAGUE COURT'S CHARGES AGAINST
  • [10] BALKAN SUMMIT OPENS IN SARAJEVO
  • [11] ATTENTION FOCUSES ON SUMMIT'S 'EMPTY CHAIR'
  • [12] SUMMIT NOT TO CONDEMN MILOSEVIC?
  • [13] SKEPTICISM SURROUNDS SUMMIT
  • [14] KOSOVARS CHEER 'MOTHER' ALBRIGHT
  • [15] RUGOVA RETURNS TO KOSOVA
  • [16] UCK DENIES POWER-GRAB IN KOSOVA
  • [17] SERBIAN MINISTER ADMITS LOSS OF KOSOVA
  • [18] MONTNEGRO GIVES SERBIA SEPTEMBER DEADLINE
  • [19] MONTENEGRIN RAILWAYS CHIEF SAYS SERBIA BLOCKING KEY PROJECT
  • [20] ROMANIAN PREMIER CRITICIZES IMF
  • [21] ROMANIAN GOVERNMENT SHUTS DOWN STATE-OWNED BANK
  • [22] HUNGARIAN FOREIGN MINISTER IN ROMANIA
  • [23] MOLDOVAN PARLIAMENT APPOINTS NEW PROSECUTOR-GENERAL
  • [24] MOLDOVAN COMMISSION DRAFTS CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGE PROPOSAL
  • [25] CZECH DEFENSE MINISTER IN BULGARIA

  • [C] END NOTE

  • [26] RESPONDING TO ANTI-SEMITISM IN RUSSIA

  • [A] TRANSCAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA

    [01] NAKHICHEVAN OFFICIAL SAYS AZERBAIJANI OPPOSITION SPREADING

    DISINFORMATION

    Nakhichevan senior Foreign Ministry official

    Azer Alesqerov told journalists on 29 July that activists of

    the Musavat, Azerbaijan National Independence, and Azerbaijan

    Popular Front parties are to blame for the 13 July clashes at

    the Sadarak customs post on the border between the

    Azerbaijani exclave and Turkey, Turan reported (see "RFE/RL

    Newsline," 14 and 28 July 1999). He added that 99 percent of

    the information on the clashes published in the Azerbaijani

    opposition press is untrue and aimed at exacerbating

    tensions. Alesqerov denied opposition allegations that the

    head of the Sadarak customs post was responsible for the

    clashes. LF

    [02] AZERBAIJANI OPPOSITION PROTESTS ALLEGED ELECTION LAW CHANGES

    The 20 opposition parliamentary deputies who constitute the

    Democratic Bloc issued a statement on 29 July calling for an

    emergency session of the parliament to discuss the changes

    they believe were made to the law on municipal elections

    after its adoption by the parliament, Turan reported. They

    also demanded that those responsible for making those changes

    be punished. Parliamentary speaker Murtuz Alesqerov on 25

    July denied that any such changes were made (see "RFE/RL

    Newsline," 28 July 1999). LF

    [03] RUSSIAN INTERIOR MINISTER IN TBILISI

    Vladimir Rushailo and

    his Georgian counterpart, Kakha Targamadze, agreed during

    talks in Tbilisi on 29 July to set up joint groups to seek

    the release of Russian and Georgian citizens held hostage in

    Chechnya, Caucasus Press reported. They also agreed to

    cooperate more closely in stamping out trade in counterfeit

    goods. LF

    [04] GEORGIAN PRESIDENT SUGGESTS POSTPONING RELIGIOUS ARTIFACT

    EXHIBIT IN U.S.

    Eduard Shevardnadze has proposed postponing

    for several years the planned exhibit in three U.S. and one

    Italian city of Georgian religious artifacts and manuscripts,

    Caucasus Press reported on 29 July. Senior Georgian clerics

    oppose allowing the relics to be taken out of the country.

    Dozens of students took part in a hunger strike in late April

    to protest the planned exhibit (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 4 and

    5 May 1999), prompting Shevardnadze to create a special

    commission, composed of prominent academics and clerics, that

    is to rule on the advisability of proceeding with the

    exhibit. In response to an appeal by the opposition Ilia

    Chavchavadze Society, a Georgian district court on 29 July

    issued a ban on taking the artifacts out of Georgia. LF

    [05] BP AMOCO TO QUIT KAZAKH PROJECT

    A senior official for BP

    Amoco told Interfax on 29 July that the company will sell its

    9.5 percent stake in the Offshore Kazakhstan International

    Operating Company (OKIOC), even if the first test well yields

    hydrocarbons. Kazakhstan's national oil company threatened in

    June to end relations with the consortium because of delays

    in drilling the first test well. Drilling is now expected to

    begin next month. Hydrocarbon reserves in the Kazakh sector

    of the Caspian Sea are estimated at 12 billion tons. LF

    [06] KAZAKHSTAN DISCUSSES PURCHASE OF TURKMEN NATURAL GAS

    A

    Kazakh government delegation held talks in Ashgabat on 29

    July on purchasing Turkmen natural gas and cooperating in

    exporting it to European markets, ITAR-TASS reported.

    Kazakhstan's Minister for Power Engineering, Industry, and

    Trade Mukhtar Ablyazov said that regions of southern

    Kazakhstan need to purchase up to 2 billion cubic meters of

    Turkmen natural gas annually in order to meet demand, adding

    that Astana might also purchase a further 1 billion cubic

    meters for resale to Kyrgyzstan. Also discussed was the

    possibility of exporting oil from Kazakhstan via the

    Pavlodar-Chimkent-Seidi pipeline and the Turkmen port of

    Turkmenbashi. LF

    [07] KYRGYZ LEADERS DISCUSS CORRUPTION, ECONOMY

    Addressing a

    national conference of police officers in Bishkek on 29 July,

    President Askar Akaev proposed drafting a 10-year program to

    combat corruption and economic crime, Interfax reported.

    Akaev said that the shadow economy accounts for approximately

    10-12 percent of GDP, adding that some experts believe the

    true figure is 25-26 percent. He said that losses to the

    budget from economic crime over the past year amount to 600

    million soms (some $15 million), and he termed corruption

    "one of the most dangerous threats" to the country. Also on

    29 July, Prime Minister Amangeldy Muraliev chaired a cabinet

    meeting called to discuss the economic situation, at which it

    was announced that the planned 10 percent increase in

    agricultural output for 1999 will not be met. Unpaid wages

    are estimated at 808 million soms, pensions at 265 million

    soms, and other benefits at 167 million soms. LF

    [08] KYRGYZSTAN VALUES DEFENSE COOPERATION WITH RUSSIA, CIS

    Echoing Akaev's assertion in his 7 July interview with

    "Nezavisimaya gazeta" that Russia and Kyrgyzstan are

    "strategic partners" (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 9 July 1999),

    Kyrgyzstan's Defense Minister Colonel-General Myrzakan

    Subanov told the same newspaper on 29 July that Russia is his

    country's main partner in defense cooperation. Subanov also

    noted the importance to Kyrgyzstan of participation in the

    CIS Collective Security Treaty and of cooperation with the

    other member states of the Central Asian Union in upholding

    regional security. LF


    [B] SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

    [09] CROATIAN GOVERNMENT REJECTS HAGUE COURT'S CHARGES AGAINST

    TUDJMAN

    The Croatian government on 29 July denied that

    President Franjo Tudjman and other top Croatian officials

    were responsible for atrocities in central Bosnia in 1993

    (see "RFER/RL Balkan Report," 27 July 1999). The government

    statement charged that recent remarks by a Hague tribunal

    prosecutor on Croatia's alleged involvement in the Bosnian

    conflict are incorrect and politically motivated. Elsewhere,

    Justice Minister Zvonimir Separovic said "we reject all

    insinuations against President Tudjman." Separovic added that

    his ministry is continuing negotiations with the court over

    documents regarding Croatian military operations in Krajina

    in 1995 (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 21 July 1999). PM

    [10] BALKAN SUMMIT OPENS IN SARAJEVO

    Heads of state or government

    from 39 countries and representatives of 17 international

    organizations meet in the Bosnian capital on 30 July to

    discuss Balkan reconstruction. The previous day, a smaller

    group of leaders from Slovenia, Hungary, Croatia, Romania,

    Bulgaria, Macedonia, Turkey, Albania, and Montenegro heard an

    appeal by Finnish President Martti Ahtisaari to put an end to

    old hatreds and work together for a better future. Ahtisaari,

    whose country holds the rotating EU chair, warned that "the

    ability of countries within the region to cooperate and

    establish good neighborly relations...will be an important

    criterion for evaluating their prospects of full integration

    with the EU," the "Financial Times" reported. He added that

    "the EU and NATO will not look favorably at anyone dashing

    headlong towards Brussels without even a backward glance" at

    their neighbors. The daily noted that this is a criticism of

    Slovenia. In separate remarks, EU aid coordinator Bodo

    Hombach stressed the need to formulate and implement

    practical programs. PM

    [11] ATTENTION FOCUSES ON SUMMIT'S 'EMPTY CHAIR'

    U.S. National

    Security Adviser Sandy Berger said in Washington on 28 July

    that Serbia will be the only Balkan country not represented

    by its leaders at the summit. He stressed that Serbia cannot

    take part in international reconstruction efforts as long as

    Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic remains in office. The

    conference organizers invited as guests respected Serbian

    banker Dragoslav Avramovic and several opposition leaders,

    including Zoran Djindjic and Nenad Canak, RFE/RL's South

    Slavic Service reported on 29 July. When questioned by a BBC

    reporter the following day, Avramovic refused to say whether

    he thinks the organizers are justified in excluding

    Milosevic's representatives. Avramovic stressed that the

    conference will not deal with concrete proposals and that

    therefore it is unimportant whether Belgrade's

    representatives attend (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 28 July 1999).

    PM

    [12] SUMMIT NOT TO CONDEMN MILOSEVIC?

    "The Daily Telegraph"

    reported on 30 July that "a row between Russia and the NATO

    countries...frustrated [U.K.-led] attempts...to secure a

    [final resolution] insisting on an end to the Milosevic

    regime before any aid can flow to Serbia." The text will

    simply "call on the people of Serbia to embrace democratic

    change," the daily reported. An unnamed diplomat told the

    newspaper that "this [formulation] is woolly even by the

    standards of international organizations." PM

    [13] SKEPTICISM SURROUNDS SUMMIT

    Also on 30 July, "The Daily

    Telegraph" noted that many experts are skeptical whether the

    summit will go beyond "wordy exhortations" and lead to any

    practical results. The daily reported that unnamed "senior

    officials from Britain, France, and Finland, which is

    organizing the summit, say the whole affair is a waste of

    time." It also quoted an unnamed diplomat as saying that the

    "Germans dreamt up this thing, got [U.S. President Bill]

    Clinton to agree, and then dumped it into the lap of the

    Finns. It's too soon [after the Kosova crisis] and too vague,

    and the Bosnian government is such a shambles that it doesn't

    deserve a summit." PM

    [14] KOSOVARS CHEER 'MOTHER' ALBRIGHT

    Some 2,000 ethnic Albanians

    welcomed U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright in

    Prishtina on 29 July. Members of the crowd cheered her as

    "nona," or mother, a term ethnic Albanians often reserve for

    the late Mother Teresa. Albright told the Kosovars that she

    hopes that "never again will people with guns come in the

    night, never again will houses and villages be burned, and

    never again will there be massacres and mass graves," AP

    reported. She met with the Kosova Liberation Army's (UCK)

    Hashim Thaci, with representatives of Ibrahim Rugova's

    Democratic League of Kosova (LDK), and with local Serbian

    leaders Momcilo Trajkovic and Serbian Orthodox Archbishop

    Artemije. Some 200 pro-Milosevic demonstrators heckled both

    her and Artemije after their meeting. PM

    [15] RUGOVA RETURNS TO KOSOVA

    LDK leader Ibrahim Rugova arrived

    without fanfare at Prishtina airport on 30 July. He later

    told AP that he and his family will stay in the province (see

    "RFE/RL Newsline," 29 July 1999). PM

    [16] UCK DENIES POWER-GRAB IN KOSOVA

    The "International Herald

    Tribune" reported on 30 July that the UCK has taken power in

    much of Kosova by setting up government bodies in a "fait

    accompli." The UN's fledgling civilian administration has not

    yet extended its authority to many places outside Prishtina,

    the "Financial Times" added. Thaci told the London-based

    daily that the UCK "did not exploit the vacuum, which already

    existed. It took on an obligation to bring back normality and

    order. If we had not acted, there would have been anarchy

    ruling Kosova." Observers note that the Kosova peace

    agreement gives the UN exclusive control over civilian

    administration. PM

    [17] SERBIAN MINISTER ADMITS LOSS OF KOSOVA

    Serbian Deputy Prime

    Minister Ratko Markovic said that the June peace agreement

    meant that "Kosova was taken from Serbia," the Belgrade

    weekly "NIN" reported on 29 July. He compared Serbia's

    agreement on the loss of the province to the decision of an

    injured person to have a leg or arm amputated in order to

    save his life. Observers note this is the first time that a

    top-ranking Belgrade official has publicly admitted that

    Serbia lost Kosova as a result of the recent conflict.

    Officials generally claim that Serbia won the war because

    Kosova legally remains part of Serbia and because the

    administration there is in the hands of the UN, not of NATO

    or the UCK. PM

    [18] MONTNEGRO GIVES SERBIA SEPTEMBER DEADLINE

    Montenegrin

    Foreign Minister Branko Perovic told AP at the Sarajevo

    summit on 29 July that his government will hold a referendum

    on independence unless the Belgrade authorities agree to

    changes in the rules governing the Yugoslav federation by

    early to mid-September. Elsewhere, Montenegrin Prime Minister

    Filip Vujanovic told the Belgrade daily "Blic" of 30 July

    that Milosevic must resign. Vujanovic stressed that "the

    country has no future with a president like Milosevic." The

    previous day, Vujanovic told the Madrid daily "El Pais" that

    there is no danger of a pro-Milosevic coup in Montenegro. He

    said that opposition by "our citizens, state bodies, and the

    international community" would block any coup attempt. PM

    [19] MONTENEGRIN RAILWAYS CHIEF SAYS SERBIA BLOCKING KEY PROJECT

    Rajko Medenica, who heads Montenegrin Railways, said in

    Podgorica on 29 July that the Belgrade authorities are

    "deliberately blocking" Montenegrin proposals to revive

    traffic along the Belgrade-Bar railway line. The Montenegrin

    authorities want to quickly restore transportation along the

    bomb-damaged line by introducing a combination of rail and

    bus connections, RFE/RL's South Slavic Service reported. The

    communist authorities built the line linking Belgrade to the

    coast in the 1980s at great expense. It involves many complex

    engineering projects through difficult territory. Critics at

    the time charged that the government built it as a concession

    to greater Serbian nationalism. PM

    [20] ROMANIAN PREMIER CRITICIZES IMF

    In an interview with Reuters

    on 29 July, Radu Vasile accused the IMF of using "double

    standards" and of constantly imposing new conditions on

    Romania for the resumption of lending. Vasile said Romania is

    being treated differently from Russia or Ukraine and has been

    "put in the same basket with Pakistan." He said he is ready

    to lead the National Peasant Party Christian Democratic into

    the next elections only if he is elected chairman of the

    party, noting that he is also willing to form a coalition

    with leftist parties. The electorate has turned to those

    parties, he commented, because it is disillusioned with other

    formations. Bickering among the coalition partners has made

    matters worse, according to Vasile. MS

    [21] ROMANIAN GOVERNMENT SHUTS DOWN STATE-OWNED BANK

    In

    compliance with one of the IMF's demands, the government on

    29 July decided to close down Bancorex, which over the years

    has issued $1.2 billion in non-performing loans. The bank

    will be merged into the Romanian Commercial Bank. The

    government also decided to instruct the Prosecutor-General's

    Office to open an investigation to find out who is

    responsible for the bank's "disastrous performance."

    Meanwhile, Romania is encountering difficulties in meeting

    the IMF's demand to secure $350 million in loans from private

    international lenders. Credit Suisse First Boston, which

    earlier offered a $200 million loan at a 12 percent interest

    rate, is now demanding an interest rate of 17 percent,

    Mediafax reported. MS

    [22] HUNGARIAN FOREIGN MINISTER IN ROMANIA

    Janos Martonyi, who is

    on a three-day visit to Romania, told his counterpart, Andrei

    Plesu, that during the Kosova crisis, Romania behaved like a

    "real NATO member" and thus considerably enhanced its chances

    of integration into Euro-Atlantic structures. The two

    ministers said the crisis has had a "positive effect" on

    Romanian-Hungarian relations. Martonyi also met with Defense

    Minister Victor Babiuc, whom he informed that Budapest wants

    to open a consulate in Miercurea Ciuc. Babiuc said that in

    his opinion the two consulates in Cluj and Constanta

    adequately cover Hungary's consular needs but that the

    request will be examined as a "good-will gesture." MS

    [23] MOLDOVAN PARLIAMENT APPOINTS NEW PROSECUTOR-GENERAL

    The

    parliament on 29 July voted to accept the resignation of

    Prosecutor-General Valeriu Catana (see "RFE/RL Newsline," 9

    July 1999) and to appoint Mircea Iuga as his successor,

    RFE/RL's Chisinau bureau reported. Until now, Iuga has served

    as a judge at the Supreme Court. MS

    [24] MOLDOVAN COMMISSION DRAFTS CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGE PROPOSAL

    The presidential commission on amending the constitution has

    ended its work and will publish its proposals on 2 August,

    BASA-press reported. The commission envisages a "radical

    growth" of presidential prerogatives and a "drastic

    reduction" of the legislature's, the agency reported, citing

    commission secretary Raisa Grecu. The cabinet is to be

    subordinated to the president, rather than to the parliament,

    and will be entitled to legislate. The president will have

    the prerogative of dissolving the parliament. The draft also

    envisages reducing the number of deputies from present 101 to

    71 and changing the electoral system. Also, the president is

    to be elected for five years, instead of the current four. MS

    [25] CZECH DEFENSE MINISTER IN BULGARIA

    Vladimir Vetchy, who is

    on a two-day visit to Sofia, met with his Bulgarian

    counterpart, Georgi Ananiev, on 29 July to discuss NATO

    enlargement, BTA and CTK reported. Vetchy said Prague

    supports NATO's "open-door policy" in general, but he added

    that it gives priority to Slovakia's candidacy for membership

    in the alliance. He stressed that candidates need to draw up

    a clear military-reform program as well as five-year and 10-

    year programs for its implementation. Vetchy and Ananiev also

    discussed the situation in Kosova, agreeing that the region

    must be given autonomy but must remain within Yugoslavia's

    borders. MS


    [C] END NOTE

    [26] RESPONDING TO ANTI-SEMITISM IN RUSSIA

    By Paul Goble

    In the wake of two attacks on Moscow synagogues, a

    prominent Russian Jewish organization has decried the

    increasing incidence of such activities as well as what it

    said are the reasons behind that rise.

    In a statement released on 27 July, the Russian Jewish

    Congress said that the mounting number of attacks on Jewish

    institutions now represents "a threat to all Russian citizens

    regardless of their nationality" and argued that such crimes

    "should not remain unpunished."

    The organization blamed the increase on chauvinistic

    appeals by some Russian politicians, the indifference of many

    ordinary Russian citizens to such attacks, and the inability

    or unwillingness of the government to identify and punish

    those responsible.

    The Russian Jewish Congress issued the appeal after a 12

    July attack on the Moscow Choral synagogue left Leopold

    Kaimovskii, the executive director of Moscow's Jewish Arts

    Center, badly wounded and after reports earlier this week

    that a bomb had been planted near another Moscow synagogue.

    The Congress argued that "such incidents cease to be

    something extraordinary and are committed with the connivance

    of those who are in charge of the formation of our society's

    moral climate." It provided three explanations for this

    increase, which comes after a period in which many Russian

    Jews felt anti-Semitism there had been declining.

    First, the Congress put the blame on the increasing

    number of political figures who have with impunity issued

    anti-Semitic statements as part of their effort to win

    popular support. It noted that "there is nothing strange in

    the escalation of such violence when members of the

    Federation Council and State Duma deputies make chauvinistic

    statements," particularly when they escape censure for such

    statements.

    Second, the Congress criticized the indifference of many

    Russians to what is taking place. All too many Russian

    citizens, the group indicated, have failed to react at all to

    such outrages against Jewish groups, an indifference that

    sometimes extends to attacks on other national minorities.

    This Russian indifference, the Congress noted, has

    prompted Jews and other minorities to "raise the question of

    whether it is possible to live on Russian territory" and, in

    the absence of domestic support, to issue "appeals to the

    international community" as the only means of defense.

    And third, the Congress denounced what it said is the

    "impotence of the Russian authorities" in the face of such

    acts, an impotence that reflects either their inability or

    their unwillingness to bring those responsible to justice.

    The failure of the Russian government to do so, the Congress

    noted, has only emboldened those responsible for such

    behavior.

    To counter these factors, the Congress called on Russian

    leaders to denounce racists and anti-Semites "no matter how

    high their posts are." It demanded that the Russian people

    recognize the danger to themselves of anti-Semitic actions

    left unpunished. And it called on the authorities to work

    harder to identify and convict those guilty of such crimes.

    But it is a measure of the difficulties Jews in Russia

    now face that this organization has directed its appeal to

    foreign governments and human rights activists as well,

    virtually inviting both to put pressure on Moscow to change

    its current approach.

    Several Jewish groups and human rights organizations in

    the U.S. and other Western countries recently have begun

    campaigns to attract attention to what many people had

    assumed was no longer a major problem in post-Soviet Russia.

    The appeal of the Russian Jewish Congress from Moscow is

    likely to give additional impetus to these Western efforts.

    And its identification of the sources of the new tide of

    anti-Semitic violence in Russia is likely to lead ever more

    people to consider not only why anti-Semitism has re-emerged

    but also the ways in which it can be combated.

    To the extent that happens, this appeal may mark a

    turning point in Russian social development. To the extent

    that it does not, the appeal may come to be viewed as a

    barometer of how bad things now are and how much worse they

    could become.

    30-07-99


    Reprinted with permission of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
    URL: http://www.rferl.org


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